Lesson 1: Schemata Reading Theory Flashcards
It is a hypothetical mental structure for representing generic concepts stored in memory.
schema
It is the plural term of schema.
schemata
They are created through experience with people, objects, and events in the world.
schemata
They can be seen as the organized background knowledge, which leads us to expect or predict aspects in our interpretation of discourse.
schemata
It states that “The mind stimulated by key words or phrases in the text or by the context activates a knowledge schema.”.
Cook 1989:69
It implies that we are not necessarily dealing with conscious processes but rather with automatic cognitive responses given to external stimuli.
Cook 1989:69
This view clarifies that schemata are activated in one of two ways:
1. New information from the outside world can be cognitively received and related to already known information stored in memory through retrieval or remembering.
2. New information can be represented by new mental structures.
Cook 1989:69
According to __________, in both cases, the individual is piecing bits of knowledge together, attempting to make sure of them.
Plastina (1997)
The 2 main features of schemata.
flexibility and creativity
It is the main feature of schemata wherein they undergo a cyclic process within which changes are brought about actively and economically.
flexibility
It is the main feature of schemata wherein, for example, is stored in memory and provided when needed with the least amount of effort.
flexibility
It is the main feature of schemata wherein they can be used to represent all types of experiences and knowledge.
creativity
It is the main feature of schemata wherein, for example, they are specific to what is being perceived.
creativity
It is the task we do before reading.
pre-reading activity
According to ________________, the purpose of pre-reading activities is to motivate the students to want to read the assignment and to prepare them to be able to read it.
Chastain (1988)
According to _________________, in such an approach to reading the ultimate pre-reading activities may include words definitions, to clarify the meaning of difficult words; and/or some syntactic explanation to help the students to understand complex structures in the text.
Chastain (1988)
According to _____________, pre-reading plan is a three-step assessment/instructional procedure, which, like Au’s ETR method, uses a discussion-bases activity in the assessment stage.
Langer’s (1981)
Tips on pre-reading activities
- Accessing prior knowledge
- Writing your way into reading (writing about your experience related to the topic)
- Asking questions based on the title
- Semantic mapping
- Making predictions based on previewing
- Identifying the text structure
- Skimming for general idea
- Reading the introduction and conclusion
- Writing a summary of the article based on previewing
It is a graphic organizer that’s also known as cause-and-effect diagram.
Fishbone diagram
It is a graphic organizer that is a useful tool for organizing information that shows relationships between a central issue and its contributing factors.
Fishbone diagram
It is a graphic organizer that helps students map out cause-and-effect relationships within a story, article, or other text.
Fishbone diagram
It is a graphic organizer that helps readers link their background knowledge to specific events or themes in the text, which deepens the understanding of the context.
Fishbone diagram
It is a graphic organizer that is an adaptation of the popular KWL Chart (Know, Want to know, Learned).
KWLH Chart
This chart helps activate prior knowledge, set reading goals, and reflect on how new information is acquired.
KWLH Chart
