Lesson 1 Laboratory Glassware Flashcards
✓ It is very transparent, so it makes monitoring of your
experiments easier.
✓ Glass here in the laboratory is also heat resistant and
capable of withstanding thermal shock.
✓ It is very heat resistant and capable of withstanding
thermal shock.
✓ Glass is very easy to mold and shape and therefore
bespoke items of scientific glassware.
Why using glass is better?
Borosilicate Glass
Quartz Glass
Actinic Glass
Soda Lime Glass
Different Types of Glass
The most commonly used type of glass
Borosilicate Glass
naturally transparent and can withstand high heats and thermal shock.
Borosilicate Glass
has many uses and is found in medical equipment, cookware and lab equipment.
Borosilicate Glass
type of glass that contains boron trioxide which allows for a very low coefficient of thermal expansion. This means it will not crack under extreme temperature changes like regular glass. Its durability,has made it the glass of choice for high-end
restaurants, laboratories and wineries.
Borosilicate Glass
There are a number of advantages of using this
glass material:
▪ Can withstand high temperatures easily
▪ Inert to almost all chemicals
▪ Can withstand high agitation & thermal stress
▪ Extremely low coefficient of expansion
▪ Corrosion-resistant
Borosilicate Glass
Often also referred to as Fused Silica as it contains only silica.
Quartz Glass
can withstand very high temperatures and is transparent in certain parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Quartz Glass
Silica glass is another name for labware made from this material. These are among the most uncompromising equipment found in a laboratory. They are created at high temperatures of 2,000C by melting sand. This is normally transparent with
superior thermal and optical properties.
Quartz Glass
Silica glass is chemically pure and does not react with the reagent it holds. This gives you clear and concise results of your experiment. This glass also has the ability to pass a broad range of light wavelengths. This makes it suitable for experiments involving infrared and UV radiation.
Quartz Glass
These are some of the reasons why you should
include this glass in your lab equipment list:
▪ High thermal shock resistance
▪ Superior to borosilicate
▪ Extremely Pure material
▪ Chemically Inert
▪ Splendid Optical Transmission
Quartz Glass
There is some glass equipment that is tinted dark brown or amber. These can be created from any material and are named after the colour. This is done to protect light-sensitive chemical compounds from getting altered by infrared radiation, visible light and ultraviolet radiation.
Actinic Glass
ideal for light-sensitive applications. Generally, tinted glass is used only in bottles to store chemicals in solution or powder form. These were the rage in olden times when apothecaries were common. Emerald green was a popular colour for
ornamental purposes.
Actinic Glass
▪ Light sensitive
▪ Inert to chemicals
▪ Store compounds safely
▪ Experiments sensitive to UV radiation
benefits of using actinic glass:
This glass is extremely fragile and has a low melting point. It is almost impossible to repair and does not have high thermal shock resistance. You might wonder about the functionality of this ordinary glass in laboratories. The answer lies in its affordability. It is a lower cost and can be easily made. Hence, it is used for lab equipment that is required in abundance such as pipettes, measuring cylinders, disposable test tubes and volumetric flasks.
Soda Lime Glass
properties of this glass that makes it useful in laboratories:
▪ Chemically stable
▪ Highly Inert
▪ Extremely Workable
▪ Affordable
▪ The true usefulness of this glass lies in its affordability. It is widely used for volumetric glassware that does not require heating.
Soda Lime Glass
Beakers
Conical Flasks/Erlenmeyer
Volumetric Flasks
Test Tubes
Graduated Cylinder
Pipettes
Pasteur Pipette
Funnel
Burette
Watch Glass
Desiccators
Drying Pistols
Vials
Separatory Funnel
Glass Condenser
Laboratory Glassware
simple cylindrical containers, in sizes from 10 ml to 4000 ml. One of the commonest glass equipment found in labs, they are used for holding solids and liquids, and for pouring and decanting liquids.
Beakers
Uses:
preparation of solution/reagents. Used for transferring liquid to another container or to transfer a small amount of reagent for use in procedures.
Beakers
used when you want to swirl contents without spilling. They are fitted with stoppers.
Conical Flasks/Erlenmeyer
has a flat bottom, so used for direct heating while a Florence flask can have either a round or a flat bottom and can be used for direct heating as well with a heating mantle.
Conical Flasks/Erlenmeyer
Uses: For performing titrations and for boiling the solutions, since evaporation is minimum because of the conical shape -These are also suitable forstorage of liquids.
Conical Flasks/Erlenmeyer
Uses: For performing titrations and for boiling the solutions, since evaporation is minimum because of the conical shape -These are also suitable forstorage of liquids.
Conical Flasks/Erlenmeyer
This is flat bottomed pear-shaped vessel with long narrow necks and Specific volume mark, fitted with stopper.
Volumetric Flasks
Uses: To precisely measure one specific volume of liquid. This flask is used to prepare a solution of known concentration.
Volumetric Flasks
are uniform thickness and withstand mechanical and thermal shock.
Test Tubes
Tubes with a rim are preferred when reagents are heated directly over a flame with a test tube holder.
Test Tubes
Relatively smaller than beakers, cylindrical lab equipment used to store, mix and heat chemicals. They are useful in observational procedures.
Test tubes
straight long cylindrical tube with graduations on its side.
Graduated Cylinder
generally more accurate and precise for measuring volume than flasks, but it is a semi-accurate liquid measuring vessels because of their wide bore.
Graduated Cylinder
Uses: For rapid measurement of liquid volume.
Graduated Cylinder
read lower meniscus.
Clear liquids
base the level of down or lower curve.
Clear meniscus
base the level of upper curve.
upper meniscus
Usually for filter
Fritted glass
for cell culturing
Silanized glass
upper meniscus
Unclear
- Mohr
- Volumetric
- Serological
3 Types of glass pipettes
measuring is the same with serological, diff nya is na-cut yung graduation nya.
Mohr
measuring is the same with serological, diff nya is na-cut yung graduation nya.
Mohr
bulk, 10 ml.
Volumetric
up to the tip graduation.
Serological
Has rubber bulb attached to the top of the glass tubing, tapered at the tip
Pasteur Pipette
USES:
1. Used in gualitative determinations, where few drops of specimen is added in reagent.
2. used in separation of serum and plasma from cells.
Pasteur pipette
Uses: • These are used for pouring liquids, chemicals or solutions into container.
* Separation of solids from liquids.
* Separation of liquids from liquids.
Funnel
devices used typically in analytical, quantitative chemistry applications for measuring liquid solution. Differing from a pipette since the sample quantity delivered is changeable, graduated Burettes are used heavily in titration experiments.
Burette
glass container which is used when the volume of liquid is small, but you need a higher surface area. It is good for crystallizing and evaporation and can also be used as a beaker.
Watch Glass:
Absorb moisture from a substance.
Desiccators
They perform the same task as desiccator. The pistol is a more direct way of removing moisture.
Drying pistols
Small bottles that are used for storage.
Vials
known as a separation funnel, separating funnel, or colloquially sep funnel, is a piece of laboratory glassware used in liquid-liquid extractions to separate (partition) the components of a mixture into two immiscible solvent phases of different densities.
Separatory funnel
A condenser is an apparatus or item of equipment used to condense (change the physical state of a substance from its gaseous to its liquid state).
Glass Condenser
In the laboratory, condensers are generally used in procedures involving organic liquids brought into the gaseous state through heating, with or without lowering the pressure applying vacuum)-though applications in inorganic and other chemistry areas exist.
Glass Condenser
- Always wear PPE.
- Do not use chipped or broken glassware as you may get cut. Such glassware also breaks more easily.
- Use safety shields, nets or coatings to prevent broken glass from hitting you.
- Check all glassware for damage as even small cracks, chips or scratches affect the strength of the glassware.
- Never heat damaged glassware as resistance to heat is equally compromised.
- Use wire gauze when heating with an open flame or use only up to a medium heat when using a hot plate.
Safe handling of glassware - Heat up and cool down glassware as slowly as possible even when using Borosilicate glass which has a very low coefficient of expansion. Maximum working temperature for Borosilicate glass is 500°C however special precautions must be employed even when working above 150°C.
- Do not heat extra thick glassware. This glassware is ideal for working under vacuum when higher mechanical strength is required, but this glass is less heat resistant.
- Do not subject ordinary, thin walled, laboratory glassware to pressure or vacuum.
- Lift glassware by the body and not by the more fragile rims or side arms.
Safe handling of glassware - When heating glass bottles, loosen the caps.
- Be careful when sliding tubing over sidearms. Always use protective gloves.
- Never pipette by mouth. You may get intoxicated, burn your mouth or cut your lip.
- Do not use excessive force and wear protective gloves when trying to free stuck jointed glassware. Use only gentle tapping or rocking of the two sides of the joints. The use of threaded safety joints prevents joints from getting stuck.
- Do not leave pipettes or glass-rods sticking out of beakers, bottles or flasks.
Safe handling of glassware
