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CC LEC > LESSON 1 LAB SAFETY > Flashcards

LESSON 1 LAB SAFETY Flashcards

1
Q

Agencies making the laboratory safety & regulations

A

Safety agencies and organizations

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2
Q

An organization for occupational safety and health

A

Occupational safety and health administration

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3
Q

Public law?

A

91-596

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4
Q

Enacted by US congress in?

A

1970

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5
Q

GOALS FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT

A

Provide all employees with a safe work environment

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6
Q

Previously known as national committee for clinical laboratory standards (NCCLS)

A

Clinical and laboratory standards institute

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7
Q

Part of the U.S department of health and human services

A

Center of disease control and prevention

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8
Q

Provides extensive inspection checklist for laboratory accreditation programs

A

College of American pathologists

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9
Q

What are the 3 OSHA’s Lines of defense

A

Engineering controls
Administrative and work practice controls
Personal protective equipment

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10
Q

Most effective

A

Engineering controls

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11
Q

Less effective

A

Personal protective equipment

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12
Q

What are the hierarchy of controls

A

-Ppe
-Administrative controls
-Engineering controls
-Substitution
-Elimination

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13
Q

Protect the worker=least effective
Ex.Gloves, goggles,Facemask,Labgowns

A

PPE

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14
Q

Change the way people work
More on documents=Policies and procedures practices that provides safer methods
Ex.Curfews during the pandemic

A

Administrative controls

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15
Q

Isolate people from the hazards
Focused more on building structure
Can involve machines to do the work
Ex.Barriers used against covid 19

A

Engineering controls

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16
Q

Use a safer alternative and replace the hazard
Ex.Replace knife without handle to a knife with a handle

A

Substitution

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17
Q

Physically remove the hazard
Ex.Replace knife with blender to cut something

A

Elimination

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18
Q

Commonly used in the US
after collecting blood=cap turns down cover the needle and avoid pricks to patient & MT

A

Safety needles

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19
Q

-Non-infectious/Domestic dry waste (Paper)
-Does not contain sharps, medicinal waste, or infectious material.

A

Black

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20
Q

• Non-infectious wet/medicinal waste (kitchen, dietary, etc.)
• Requires incineration in a suitable permitted facility
Ex. Fruit Peels, Liquid Containers

A

Green

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21
Q

Infectious & Pathological waste
Requires disposal by incineration
• Ex. Blood/Urine samples & their containers, Gloves, Face Mask

A

Yellow

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22
Q

• Offensive/Chemical waste including thos w/ heavy metals
-Offensive/hygiene waste w/c may be landfilled in permitted or licensed sites

A

Yellow with black band

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23
Q

-Radioactive waste
-May be treated to render it as safe prior to disposal
-Can also be incinerated
-Commonly seen in the nuclear medicine department

A

Orange

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24
Q

-Cytotoxic/cytostatic waste
-Must be incinerated in a suitable permitted facility

A

Purple

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25
Q

-Sharps & Pressurized containers (Vacutainer Tubes, Needles, Lancets,
Broken Glass)

A

Red

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26
Q

Prevents splashes from the sample

A

Splash guards

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27
Q

Prevents blood from spilling or being aerosolized

A

Centrifuge safety buckets

28
Q

No filtration of air
Exhausts chemical fumes outside the laboratory
• Suitable for chemicals and non-sterile work
Sterile = no contamination from pathogens
No sample protection but has Operator Protection Never used for infectious agents

A

Fume hood

29
Q

• Has both sample & operator protection
• High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filtration of air intake & exhaust
• Used with infectious specimens
• Recirculates filtered air in to laboratory
• Ensure sterility = used in bacterial cultures & sample processing
(Culturing, planting of bacteria, processing of sputum, urine)

A

Biological safety cabinet

30
Q

Better than the normal bulb pipettes w/c are more difficult to use.

A

Mechanical pipetting devices

31
Q

Ergonomic hazard controls that will prevent ergonomic injury to the employee

A

Computer wrist arm pad

32
Q

Eliminates the need to touch sources of
contamination = commonly seen in surgery dept.

A

Sensory controlled sinks and foot knee elbow controlled faucets

33
Q

• Used when chemicals splash the eyes

A

Eyewash station

34
Q

• Know properties of chemicals found inside to prevent unwanted reactions

A

Chemical storage cabinet

35
Q

Used when fire/chemicals get on the employees’ clothes/body.

A

Safety showers

36
Q

Under administrative controls
General procedures/policies that mandate measures to reduce/eliminate hazard exposure

A

Work practice controls

37
Q

Treat all samples in the laboratory as infectious even if the patient has no disease.

A

Universal precautions

38
Q

• Ideally we should wash our hands after each contact
• Procedures for handwashing was established by World Health Organization

A

Hand washing after each patient contact

39
Q

Give me the 10 work practice controls

A

-universal precaution
-hand washing after each patient contact
-cleaning surfaces with disinfectant
-avoiding unnecessary use of needles and sharps and not recapping
-Red bag waste disposal
-immunization for hepatitis
-Job rotation to minimize repetitive task
-orientation, Training, continuing education
-No eating,drinking, continuing education
-Warning signage

40
Q

What are the PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS

A

Gloves
Lab gown
Eyewash station
Protective eyewear
Face shield
Face mask
Safety shower
Appropriate foot wear

41
Q

May transmit infectious disease
Ex. Feces, Urine, Blood, Sputum,

A

Medical waste

42
Q

-Any specimen potentially containing an infectious agent
-Discard sharps in puncture resistant containers located within work area
-We should be mindful when we are dealing with needles.
-Needles should NOT be transported, recapped, bent or broken by hand.

A

Biohazard

43
Q

4 factors causing fire

A

Fuel
Oxygen
Heat
Uninhibited reaction

44
Q

How to operate a fire extinguisher:PUSH

A

Pull pin
Aim nozzle
Squeeze trigger
Sweep nozzle

45
Q

In case of fire: RACE

A

Rescue
Alarm\aim
Contain fire
Extinguish\evacuate

46
Q

Direct effect in electrical hazards

A

Shocks, burns, death

47
Q

Indirect effect in electrical hazards

A

Explosion, fire

48
Q

Give me the 8 MSDS LIST

A

Product identity
Hazardous ingredients
Physical data
Fire & explosion hazard data
Reactivity data
Health hazard data
Precautions for safe handling and use
Control measures

49
Q

• Also called package insert
• Must be on file & available for each chemical in the
All of the safety and precautions are found in this sheet
All chemicals used in the lab should have this
How to handle
Chemical properties

A

Material safety data sheets

50
Q

• Colors cannot be interchanged
• Each diamond represents a certain hazard

A

National fire protection agency

51
Q

Right??

A

Reactivity

52
Q

Top

A

Flash point

53
Q

Left??

A

Health hazards

54
Q

Bottom??

A

Specific properties of the chemical

55
Q

• Chemical easily burns/ignites
• Ex. Acetonitrile,

A

Flammable

56
Q

Materials w/c cause visible destruction and/or irreversible alterations at point of contact to living tissues
External damage
• Ex. Acetic Acid, Photographic Fixer,
Sodium Hydroxide

A

Corrosive

57
Q

Upon contact w/ water or
air = will have a violent rx.
or explosion

A

Reactive

58
Q

Materials w/c causes harm upon entering the body
• Carcinogens, Mutagens, Poisons
Internal damage
Ex. Benzene, Bromine, Powdered inks and/or Pigments, Sodium azide,
Formaldehyde

A

Toxic

59
Q

• Causes harm by irritating the eyes & skin
• Causes allergic rx. & drowsiness/eye irritation
• Lack of coordination &/ organ damage
• Reagents in the lab have a
Component that is a skin irritant=sodium azide (NaN3)

A

Irritant

60
Q

cause harm to the environment at large, particularly aquatic animals
Ex. Anthrax, Arsenic, Asbestos, Lead, Mercury,

A

Environmental hazard

61
Q

What are the types of hazards

A

Biological hazard
Chemical hazard
Radiation hazard
Mechanical hazard
Ergonomic hazard

62
Q

Most reactive

A

Potassium

63
Q

Least reactive?

A

Platinum

64
Q

AKA physical hazard

A

Mechanical hazard

65
Q

Can damage living tissue in the human body (bombing)
It strips away & disrupts electrons from atoms and breaks chemical bonds.

A

Ionizing radiation

66
Q

Less harmful radiation

A

Non ionizing radiation

67
Q

3 principles of radiation exposure

A

Distance shielding time

CC LEC (2 decks)

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