LESSON 1 INVENTIONS AND INNOVATIONS

Question 1

1796: Edward Jenner

Answer 1

Vaccination to smallpox; immunology

Question 2

1660: Antonie van Leeuwonhoek

Answer 2

Father of microbiology; microscope

Question 3

1880: Marie Francois Xavier Bichat

Answer 3

Organs by types of tissues; histology

Question 4

1835: Agostino Bassi

Answer 4

Disease in worms; injection of organic material (beginning of bacteriology)

Question 5

1866: Gregor Mendel

Answer 5

Law of heredity; studies of plants

Question 6

1870: Joseph Lister

Answer 6

Surgical infections; airborne organisms

Question 7

1877: Robert Koch

Answer 7

1st picture of bacili and tubercle bacili

Question 8

1886: Elie Metchnikoff

Answer 8

Phagocytes in blood; fight infection

Question 9

1886: Ernst von Bergmann

Answer 9

Steam sterilization

Question 10

1902: Karl Landsteiner

Answer 10

Blood groups; ABO blood group system

Question 11

1906: August von Wassermann

Answer 11

Immunologic test; syphilis

Question 12

1906: Howard Ricketts

Answer 12

Microorganisms (between bacteria and virus); rickettsiae

Question 13

1929: Hans Fischer

Answer 13

Structure of hemoglobin

Question 14

1954: Jonas Salk

Answer 14

Poliomyelitis vaccine

Question 15

1973: James Westgard

Answer 15

Westgard rules; quality control

Question 16

1980: Baruch Samuel Blumberg

Answer 16

Hepatitis B vaccine

Question 17

1985: Kary Mullis

Answer 17

developed PCR

Question 18

PCR

Answer 18

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 19

1992: Andre van Steirteghem

Answer 19

Introduced IVF

Question 20

IVF

Answer 20

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Question 21

1998: James Thomson

Answer 21

First human stem cell line

Question 22

1857: Louis Pasteur

Answer 22

Immunity to rabies