LESSON 1 | ENERGY AND CHEMISTRY Flashcards

1
Q

plays a central role in science and also in economic development and societal advancement.

A

Energy

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2
Q

is the capacity or the ability to do work

A

Energy

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3
Q

in chemistry perspective, it is defined as the ability to make changes happen.

A

Energy

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4
Q

is associated with energy that is available because of position or composition.

A

Potential Energy

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5
Q

is the energy produced from motion.

[FORMULA: 1/2 mv^2]

A

Kinetic Energy

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6
Q

the combined kinetic and potential energies of the atoms and molecules that make up a substance or object.

A

Internal Energy

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7
Q

potential energy stored in chemical bonds, which can be released through an exothermic reaction.

A

Chemical Energy

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8
Q

is associated with light or electromagnetic radiation.

A

Radiant Energy

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9
Q

is associated with the movement of macroscopic objects.

A

Mechanical Energy

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10
Q

arises from the temperature of an object. We can associate this with the molecular level motion of atoms and molecules.

A

Thermal Energy

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11
Q

results from moving charge usually electrons in a metal.

A

Electrical Energy

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12
Q

which can be released in nuclear fusion and fission processes, is a form of potential energy associated with the arrangement of protons and neutrons in atomic nuclei.

A

Nuclear Energy

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13
Q

is the flow of energy between two objects, from the warmer one to the cooler one, because of a difference in their temperatures.

A

Heat

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14
Q

a process and not a quantity

A

Heat

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15
Q

is the second form of energy transfer

A

Work

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16
Q

is the transfer of energy accompanied by a force moving a mass some distance against resistance.

A

Work

17
Q

First Law of Thermodynamics

A

Law of conservation of energy

18
Q

states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but only be transformed from one form to another.

A

Law of conservation of energy

19
Q

change releases heat

A

exothermic

20
Q

change absorbs heat

A

endothermic

21
Q

is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by one degree Celsius.

A

CALORIE

22
Q

WATER

1 cal = HOW MANY JOULES?

A

4.184 joule (J)

23
Q

is a measure of the amount of heat in calories or joules (or Kcal or KJ) that will raise the temperature of 1 gram of the substance by 1 degree Celsius.

A

Specific heat

24
Q

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of an object by one degree Celsius is object’s

A

heat capacity

25
Q

refers to the heat capacity of one mole of a substance, while specific heat is the heat capacity of one gram of a substance.

A

Molar heat capacity