Lesson 1-Describing people

Question 1

1. autonomous

Answer 1

ɔˈtɑnəməs
آتامِنِس
خودمختار، مستقل

ADJECTIVE An autonomous person makes their own decisions rather than being influenced by someone else.

■ They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.

■ the liberal idea of the autonomous individual

Question 2

rather

Answer 2

ˈræð.ər
رادِر
نسبتا، به بيان دقيق تر، به جای اینکه

Question 3

2.consistent

Answer 3

کِنسيستنت
kənˈsɪstənt
ثابت قدم،ثبات داشتن، مداوم، سازگار
.
ADJECTIVE Someone who is consistent always behaves in the same way, has the same attitudes towards people or things, or achieves the same level of success in something.
■ Becker has never been the most consistent of players anyway.
■ his consistent support of free trade.
■ a consistent character with a major thematic function.

Question 4

Trade

Answer 4

تجارت، داد و ستد، خرید و فروش

Question 5

Major

Answer 5

ˈmeɪʤər
مِيجِر

رشته (اصلی)
سرگرد (درجه نظامی)
دانشجو (رشته به‌خصوصی)
عمده
بزرگ مهم، جدی
ماژور (نت موسیقی)
در رشته‌ای درسی تحصیل کردن رشته … خواندن

Question 6

Function

Answer 6

عملكرد،كاركرد

Question 7

3.conventional

Answer 7

كِن وَن شِنال
kənˈvɛnʃənəl
متداول،سنتی
.
ADJECTIVE Someone who is conventional has behaviour and opinions that are ordinary and normal.
■ a respectable married woman with conventional opinions
■ this close, fairly conventional English family

Question 8

ordinary

Answer 8

ˈɔːrdneri
اُردِنِری
معمولی، عادی

Question 9

respectable

Answer 9

ریسپَكتِبِل
rəˈspek.tə.bəl
محترم

Question 10

fairly

Answer 10

ˈfer.li
فِرلی
نسبتا،منصفانه

Question 11

4. co-operative also cooperative

Answer 11

كُ آپرِتيو
koʊˈɑːpərətɪv
شرکت تعاونی، مشاركت كردن، همکاری
.

ADJECTIVE If you say that someone is co-operative, you mean that they do what you ask them without complaining or arguing.
■ The president said the visit would develop friendly and co-operative relations between the two countries.
■ a contented and co-operative workforce

Question 12

complaining

Answer 12

كامپِلينينگ
شکایت

Question 13

arguing

Answer 13

آرگیواِنگ
بحث کردن، جر و بحث کردن

Question 14

contented

Answer 14

کِن تِندِد
kənˈtɛntəd
.
خشنود راضي

Question 15

workforce

Answer 15

نيروی کار

Question 16

6.efficient

Answer 16

اِفيشِنت
كارآمد، موثر
ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/

ADJECTIVE If something or someone is efficient, they are able to do tasks successfully, without wasting time or energy.
■ With today’s more efficient contraception women can plan their families and careers.
■ Technological advances allow more efficient use of labour.
■ an efficient way of testing thousands of compounds

Question 17

contraception

Answer 17

كانت رِسِپِشن
پیشگیری از بارداری
ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən

Question 18

careers

Answer 18

کِری اِر
kəˈrɪr
شغل، پیشه، حرفه

Question 19

labour

Answer 19

ˈleɪˌbɑːwr
لِيبِر
حزب کارگر، درد زایمان، زحمت کشیدن، نیروی کار

Question 20

7.flexible

Answer 20

ADJECTIVE Something or someone that is flexible is able to change easily and adapt to different conditions and circumstances.
■ more flexible arrangements to allow access to services after normal working hours • We encourage flexible working.

Question 21

circumstances

Answer 21

سِركُ مِستَنسِس
رويداد، شرايط

Question 22

arrangements

Answer 22

تنظيمات، ترتيبات

Question 23

access

Answer 23

دسترسي

Question 24

8. idealistic

Answer 24

ADJECTIVE If you describe someone as idealistic, you mean that they have ideals, and base their behaviour on these ideals, even if this may be impractical.
■ Idealistic young people died for the cause.
■ an over-simplistic and idealistic vision of family dynamics

Question 25

impractical

Answer 25

ˌɪmˈpræktəkl̩
ایمپِرَكتيكال
غير عملي، نشدني

Question 26

over-simplistic

Answer 26

بيش از حد ساده انگارانه

Question 27

vision

Answer 27

دیدگاه

Question 28

9.tolerant

Answer 28

ˈtɑːlərənt
تالِرِنت
شكيبا، با مدارا

ADJECTIVE If you describe someone as tolerant, you approve of the fact that they allow other people to say and do as they like, even if they do not agree with or like it.
■ [+of] They need to be tolerant of different points of view.
■ Other changes include more tolerant attitudes to unmarried couples having children

Question 29

approve

Answer 29

موافقت كردن، تصويب كردن

Question 30

10. vulnerable

Answer 30

ˈvəlnərəbl̩
وِلنِرِبِل
آسيب پذیر

ADJECTIVE Someone who is vulnerable is weak and without protection, with the result that they are easily hurt physically or emotionally.
■ Old people are particularly vulnerable members of our society.

Question 31

particularly

Answer 31

به ويژه

Question 32

declared

Answer 32

دیکِلِرد
dɪˈklerd

اعلان كردن، اظهار كردن

Question 33

province

Answer 33

ˈprɑːvəns
پِراوِنس

ایالت، استان، ولایت

Question 34

individual

Answer 34

ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl
اين دِ ويژوال

شخص، فرد، منحصر بفرد، فردی

Question 35

achieve

Answer 35

əˈt͡ʃiːv
اِچیو
دست یافتن، رسیدن، انجام دادن

Question 36

toward

Answer 36

به سمت، به طرف