Lesson 1: Basic Principles of Physiological Functioning Flashcards
Physiology is a blend of (a) and (b)
(a) biochemical science
(b) physical science
Name & Describe the Three Body Substances
(a) Cells: around 75 trillion, over 100 types
(b) Glue (a.k.a intercellular matrix): fibres secreted by cells that connect surrounding cells so they are all held closely together
(c) Fluids
Blood Plasma - fluid is which blood cells carried, blood plasma + blood cells = blood
Intercellular Fluid - fluid that surrounds and bathes all cells
6 Characteristics that all Cells share
(1) each must get food, water, and oxygen to live and carry out specific functions
(2) use almost same types of nutrients
(3) oxygen is main source of energy
(4) general mechanisms that nutrients converted into protoplasm and energy essentially same in all cells
(5) all cell deliver metabolic waste (end products of chemical reactions) into intercellular fluid
(6) all cells have ability to reproduce (except nervous system)
Out of the three body substances, only cells are considered alive. What are the four (4) basic characteristics of all living things
(1) ability to respond to stimuli
(2) growth
(3) metabolism: sum of processes involved in turning over body’s materials
(4) reproduction: except nervous system
What are the four (4) central concepts of physiological functioning?
(1) Nutritive substances - oxygen, water, amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals - are delivered to every cell in the body and waste products are carried away
(2) Intercellular fluid must have a consistent nutrient content (refer to 1), temperature of 37C, and pH 7.35-7.45 for the cells to remain alive and healthy.
(3) Essentially all the tissues, organs, and systems of the body perform functions which help maintain the constant state of the intercellular fluid.
(4) At all stages of life, need for food, water, and oxygen never stops. This is because body is in state of dynamic equilibrium.
What is homeostasis?
Constant and ongoing process by which very narrow parameters of nutrients are maintained. All body systems contribute to this homeostasis.
What are the two “master controllers” of the body?
(1) Glandular system - regulates the body’s activities through hormones.
(2) Nervous System - regulates the body’s activities through nerve impulses.
IN-DO-OUT Principle
IN - you are what you take in, you are what you eat (consider attitudes, thoughts, feelings, energy food carries)
DO - you are what you digest, how you metabolize nutrients, how we distribute nutrients and energies
OUT - we are what we fail to eliminate, consider thoughts and feelings
Describe Herring’s Law of Healing
“All healing comes from above, down.” - if you don’t think you are going to get well, you won’t
