Lesson 1 and 2

Question 1

are the primarily building blocks of life

Answer 1

cell

Question 2

the smallest cell is _____ a disease, causing bacteria in birds.

Answer 2

mycoplasma gallicepticum

Question 3

Cells were first recorded by
_______ around 1665.

Answer 3

Robert Hooke 1665

Question 4

A membrane-bound organelle containing the cell’s genetic material (DNA)
Controls cell activities, including gene expression and reproduction

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Small particles composed of RNA and proteins
Synthesize proteins based on instructions from the genetic material (mRNA

Answer 5

ribosome

Question 6

is crucial for modifying, sorting, and trafficking
proteins synthesized by ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. It is called cisternae

Answer 6

Golgi apparatus

Question 7

it is mainly formed vesicles and tubules

Answer 7

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

it contains flattened sacs called cisternae

Answer 8

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

a specialize structure within a cell that performs a specific functions

Answer 9

organelle

Question 10

a thin flexible barrier that surround the cell and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Answer 10

cell membrane

Question 11

the control center of the cell that contains the cell’s DNA and direct the cell activities

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

the fluid like substance inside the cell where various organelles are suspended

Answer 12

Cytoplasm

Question 13

organelles responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration

Answer 13

mitochondria

Question 14

a network membranes that transport protein and other molecules within the cell

Answer 14

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

an organelle involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging protein transport within the cell or secreation outside the cell

Answer 15

golgi apparatus

Question 16

a small organelle that is responsible for protein synthesis

Answer 16

ribosome

Question 17

organelles containing enzymes that breakdown waste materials and cellular debris

Answer 17

lysosome

Question 18

a storage organelle that store water, nutrients, and waste materials

Answer 18

vacuole

Question 19

an organelle found in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis and containing chlorophyll

Answer 19

Chloroplast

Question 20

a rigid outer layer found in plant cells that provides support and protection

Answer 20

cell wall

Question 21

a network protein filaments that give shape, support, and allow for movement within the cell

Answer 21

cytoskeleton

Question 22

small membranous sacs that transport and store various substances within the cell

Answer 22

vesicle

Question 23

cylindrical structures involved in cell division and the formation of spindle finders

Answer 23

centriole