all

Question 1

A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function

Answer 1

organelle

Question 2

: A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds the cell and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Answer 2

cell membrane

Question 3

The control center of the cell that contains the cell’s DNA and directs the cell’s activities.

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

The fluid-like substance inside the cell where various organelles are suspended.

Answer 4

cytoplasm

Question 5

Organelles responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration.

Answer 5

mitochondria

Question 6

A network of membranes that transport proteins and other molecules within the cell.

Answer 6

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

An organelle involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for transport within the cell or secretion outside the cell.

Answer 7

golgi apparatus

Question 8

A small organelle responsible for protein synthesis.

Answer 8

ribosomes

Question 9

: Organelles containing enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Answer 9

Lysosomes

Question 10

: A storage organelle that stores water, nutrients, and waste materials.

Answer 10

vacuoles

Question 11

An organelle found in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis and containing chlorophyll.

Answer 11

chloroplast

Question 12

A rigid outer layer found in plant cells that provides support and protection

Answer 12

cell wall

Question 13

A network of protein filaments that give shape, support, and allow for movement within the cell.

Answer 13

cytoskeleton

Question 14

Small membranous sacs that transport and store various substances within the cell.

Answer 14

vesicle

Question 15

Cylindrical structures involved in cell division and the formation of the spindle fibers.

Answer 15

centriole

Question 16

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information in all living organisms

Answer 16

DNA

Question 17

The process by which the genetic information stored in DNA is copied into RNA.

Answer 17

Transcription

Question 18

Ribonucleic acid, a molecule involved in various biological processes, including protein synthesis

Answer 18

RNA

Question 19

The basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Answer 19

nucleotides

Question 20

The strand of DNA that serves as a template for RNA synthesis during transcription

Answer 20

template strand

Question 21

Non-coding regions within a gene that are transcribed into pre-mRNA but are later removed during RNA processing.

Answer 21

introns

Question 22

: Coding regions within a gene that are transcribed into pre-mRNA and are retained in the final mRNA molecule

Answer 22

exons

Question 23

Organic compounds that are the building blocks of proteins.

Answer 23

amino acids

Question 24

A chain of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds, which forms the basis for protein synthesis

Answer 24

polypeptide

Question 25

Cells were first recorded by

Answer 25

Robert Hooke around 1665

Question 26

s were a contributor on the discovery of the cell. The two are known for their invention the compound optical microscope.

Answer 26

Zacharias Janssen and Hans

Question 27

When he looked at a thin slice of cork under his microscope, he saw that the cork was made-up of many tiny units’ room like structure, he saw tiny little shapes that looked like little rooms with walls around each of them

Answer 27

robert hooke

Question 28

was the first to state that cells are the building blocks of all plants and that an embryonic plant arose from one single cell.

Answer 28

Matthias Jakob Schleiden

Question 29

‘Omnis cellula e cellula means

Answer 29

that new cells come from already existing cells

Question 30

Referring to a type of cell that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

Answer 30

prokaryotic

Question 31

Referring to a type of cell that contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 31

eukaryotic

Question 32

group of cells with similar structures and functions

Answer 32

plant tissues

Question 33

covers the surface of the plant

Answer 33

epidermis

Question 34

cells or group of cells that have the ability to divide

Answer 34

meristematic

Question 35

thin walled cells with large central vacuoles it is for photosynthesis, storage, and support

Answer 35

parenchyma

Question 36

Cells with unevenly thickened cell walls it is for flexibility and support

Answer 36

collenchyma

Question 37

cells with thick lignified walls offers strength and protection dead upon maturity

Answer 37

schlerenchyma

Question 38

Composed of vessel elements, tracheids, fibers, and parenchyma cells transports water and minerals from shoots to roots

Answer 38

xylem

Question 39

it conducts food form leaves to all parts of the plant

Answer 39

phloem

Question 40

This phase is often referred to as the "growth phase

Answer 40

G1

Question 41

it involves the replication of DNA

Answer 41

S

Question 42

. The cell continues to grow, and any remaining proteins, RNA, or other molecules needed for cell division are synthesized.

Answer 42

G2

Question 43

lines, covers, and protect other tissues and organs

Answer 43

epithelium

Question 44

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Answer 44

epithelium

Question 45

cells very thin much wider than they are thick

Answer 45

squamous epithelium

Question 46

lining of blood vessesls, heart, treachea and lymphatic tubes

Answer 46

simple squamous epithelium

Question 47

skin, vagina, esophagus, mouth

Answer 47

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 48

„Elongated cells, much longer than they are wide

Answer 48

columnar epithelium

Question 49

A single layer of cells that line the digestive tract, gallbladder and excretory ducts of some glands

Answer 49

simple columnar epithelium

Question 50

Lines the bronchi, trachea, uterine tubes and some of the uterus

Answer 50

ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 51

Characterized by the cells widely separated from each other in a matrix that is produced by the cells.

Answer 51

connective tissue

Question 52

Gel like ground with both elastic and nonelastic fibers running though the ground in many directions.

Answer 52

loose connective tissue

Question 53

Function as storage cells for adipose

Answer 53

adipose

Question 54

Ground of matrix is gum like

Answer 54

cartilagev

Question 55

Ground of matrix is Solid (Calcium carbonate).

Answer 55

bone

Question 56

Tissue with cells having fibers specialized for contraction

Answer 56

muscle tissue

Question 57

Parallel elongated cells (fibers) ƒ multinucleated and each cell is the length of the muscle.

Answer 57

skeletal muscle

Question 58

Organized into sheets of muscle.

Answer 58

smooth muscle

Question 59

Intercalated disc ƒ Myogenic ƒ branched

Answer 59

cardiac muscle

Question 60

Cells specialized to polarize and depolarize

Answer 60

nervous tissue