Lesson 1 A&P Flashcards
The science of the structure of living organisms.
Anatomy
The science of the functioning of living organisms.
physiology
specialized structures in the cell that perform specific metabolic functions.
organelle
the basic biological unit of living organisms, containing a nucleus and a variety of organelles enclosed by a limiting membrane.
cell
a group of similar cells specialized to perform function; primary tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous system.
tissue
a part of the body formed of two or more tissues that performs a specialized function
organ
a group of organs that work together to perform a vital body function
organ system
An individual living thing
Organism
the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body
metabolism
a space between the visceral and parietal pleura
Pleural cavity
a fibrous sac that encloses the heart and great vessels
pericardial cavity
membrane that lines a cavity without an opening to the outside of the body (except for joint cavities)
serous membranes
a bowl-like structure that sits below the abdominal cavity
pelvic cavity
the cavity within the abdomen, the space between abdominal wall and the spine
abdominal cavity
neither perpendicular nor parallel
oblique plane
refers to the chest that contains many vital organs and structures.
thoracic cavity
a longitudinal plane that divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior parts
frontal plane
plane that divides the body or its parts into superior and inferior portions; also called a cross section
transverse plane
a longitudinal plane that divides the body or any of its parts into right and left points
sagittal plane
the back of the structure, or a structure found toward the back of the body
posterior
the front of an organism, organ, or part; the ventral surface.
anterior
pertaining to a position near the tail end of long axis of the body
inferior
refers to the head or upper body regions
superior
the specific body orientation used when describing an individuals anatomy
anatomical position
feedback that tends to cause a variable to change in the same direction as the initial charge; enhances the stimulus
positive-feedback mechanism
and organ,gland,or muscle capable of being activated by nerve ending.
effector
a component of the body that receives information about variable, process it, and imitates responds to maintain homeostasis
control center
a peripheral nerve ending specialized for response to particular types of stimuli
receptor
a state of body equilibrium or stable internal environment of the body
homeostasis
feedback that causes the stimulus to decline or end
negative-feedback mechanism
