Lesson 1 & 2 Grammar Flashcards

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1
Q

How many noun declensions are there in Latin?

A

five

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2
Q

How do we determine what declension a noun belongs to?

A

by its genitive singular ending

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3
Q

What is the genitive singular ending of 1st declension nouns?

A

-ae

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4
Q

What is the gender of 1st declension nouns?

A

mostly feminine

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5
Q

What is the subject noun case?

A

nominative

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6
Q

How do subject nouns and verbs agree?

A

person and number

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7
Q

What is the direct object case?

A

accusative

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8
Q

What is the position of an adverb in a Latin sentence?

A

before the word it modifies

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9
Q

What case is used for possessives and of-phrases?

A

genitive

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10
Q

What is the gender of 2nd declension -us and -um nouns?

A
  • *-us** masculine
  • *-um** neuter
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11
Q

How is the stem of a 2nd declension noun found?

A

drop the -i from the genitive singular form

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12
Q

How is the stem of a Latin noun found?

A

drop the genitive singular ending

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13
Q

What are the 2 distinct characteristics of all neuter nouns & adjectives in Latin?

A

1) nominative & accusative forms always match
2) nominative & accusative plural forms always end in -a

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14
Q

What case does in require?

A

in: ablative

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15
Q

What case is the predicate noun put in?

A

nominative

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16
Q

What is the position of the being verb sum in a Latin sentence?

A

it may sit anywhere

17
Q

What is the indirect object or to/for case?

A

dative

18
Q

What is the position of the verb in a Latin sentence?

A

at the end of the sentence

19
Q

Prepositions take one of which two cases?

A

accusative or ablative

20
Q

conjugate sum in the present tense

A

sum - I am sumus - we are

es - you are estis - you (pl) are

est - he/she/it is sunt - they are

21
Q

1st declension endings

A

-a -ae

-ae -arum

-ae -is

-am -as

-a -is

22
Q

What is a predicate noun (predicate nominative)?

A

a noun that follows a linking verb

23
Q

Decline terra

A

terra terrae

terrae terrarum

terrae terris

terram terras

terra terris

24
Q

2nd declension M endings

A

-us -i

-i -orum

-o -is

-um -os

-o -is

25
Q

2nd declension N endings

A

-um -a

-i -orum

-o -is

-um -a

-o -is

26
Q

What case does post require?

A

post: accusative

27
Q

What case does cum require?

A

cum: ablative

28
Q

What case does propter require?

A

propter: accusative

29
Q

Decline servus

A

servus servi

servi servorum

servo servis

servum servos

servo servis

30
Q

Decline bellum

A

bellum bella

belli bellorum

bello bellis

bellum bella

bello bellis