Lesson 1 Flashcards
What does the term Ancien Régime refer to?
Ancien Régime refers to the pre-revolutionary era in France, characterized by a rigid social structure and political stagnation.
How was French society structured under the Ancien Régime?
French society was structured into three Estates: the First Estate (clergy), the Second Estate (nobility), and the Third Estate (commoners).
What privileges did the First and Second Estates enjoy?
The First and Second Estates enjoyed numerous privileges, including exemptions from many taxes.
What challenges did the Third Estate face?
The Third Estate faced heavy taxation and a lack of political representation, leading to widespread discontent.
What was Louis XVI’s financial situation like when he ascended the throne?
Louis XVI inherited a dire financial situation due to debts accumulated from previous wars, including the American Revolutionary War.
How did the tax system in France contribute to economic distress under Louis XVI?
The tax system was outdated and disproportionately impacted the Third Estate, with the noble classes able to avoid taxes.
What were Louis XVI’s attempts at financial reform?
Louis XVI’s advisors tried to implement financial reforms, such as revising the tax system and reducing royal expenditures, but faced resistance from the nobility.
What was the public perception of Louis XVI during his reign?
Public perception of Louis XVI deteriorated due to his indecisiveness and the escalating financial crisis.
Who was Jacques Necker?
Jacques Necker was appointed Director-General of Finances and was tasked with addressing France’s financial crisis.
What happened to Necker after his dismissal in 1781?
Necker’s dismissal exacerbated the fiscal crisis and led to a decline in public support for Louis XVI.
