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INTRO TO PHILO > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

comes from two Greek words” philos (love) and sophia (wisdom). The ancient Greeks used this term to refer to “love of wisdom”

A

philosophy

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2
Q

philos

A

love

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3
Q

sophia

A

wisdom

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4
Q

the study or discipline that uses human reason to investigate the ultimate causes, reasons, and principles which govern all things.

A

philosophy

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5
Q

the study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind andlanguage.

A

Philosophy

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6
Q

way of thinking about the world, the universe and the society. The ideas are often general and abstract.

A

philosophy

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7
Q

A mathematician and scientist, he was credited with formulating the Pythagorean theorem

A

pythagoras

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8
Q

570 BCE- 495 BCE

A

pythagoras

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9
Q

he established a community of learners who were devoted to the study of religion and philosophy.

A

pythagoras

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10
Q

He coined the term “philosophy.”

A

pythagoras

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11
Q

535 BCE- 475 BCE

A

heraclitus

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12
Q

He proposed that everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan which he called logos.

A

heraclitus

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13
Q

For him, change is a permanent aspect of the human condition as he was credited in the saying, “No man ever steps in the same river twice, for it is not the same river and he is not the same man”.

A

heraclitus

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14
Q

He devoted himself to the study of the causes of natural phenomena. He was among the first to propose that matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms.

A

democritus

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15
Q

He was known advocate of living a simple and virtuous life. For Diogenes, one should not only talk of virtue but should show it in words and actions

A

Diogenes of sinope

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16
Q

one should not only talk of virtue but should show it in words and actions He was known advocate of living a simple and virtuous life. For Diogenes, one should not only talk of virtue but should show it in words and actions

A

Diognes of sinope

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17
Q

believe that true happiness is not found in external advantages such as material luxury, political power or good health. True happiness lies in being dependent on such random and fleeting things.

A

Cynisim

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18
Q

who founded cynisim

A

antisthenes

19
Q

believe that all natural processes, such as sickness and death, follows the unbreakable laws of nature. Man, must therefore learn to accept his destiny. So, man should live with virtue.

A

Stoicism

20
Q

who founded stoicism

A

zeno

21
Q

He believed that philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness. His views gave rise to Epicureanism

A

Epicurus

22
Q

a school of philosophy which believes that wisdom and simple living will result in life free of fear and pain.

A

Epicureanism

23
Q

He was considered the foremost philosopher of ancient times. He made great contribution to the field of ethics. He was credited with formulating the Socratic Method

A

Socrates

24
Q

a means of examining a topic devising a series of questions that let the learner examine and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the topic.

A

Socratic method

25
Q

most significant ideas included Theory of Forms. Also known for his dialect

A

PLATO

26
Q

which proposes that everything that exist is based on an idea or template that can only be perceived in the mind

A

Theory of Forms

27
Q

a method of inquiry where two opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arrive at new knowledge.

A

dialectic

28
Q

For him, all ideas and views are based on perception and our reality is based on what we can sense and perceive. His studies in logic led to the formulation of a formal process of analyzing reasoning, DEDUCTIVE REASONINH

A

Aristotle

29
Q

the process by which specific statements are analyzed to reach a conclusion or generalization.

A

deductive reasoning

30
Q

He traced man’s need to philosophize to his sense of wonder. Whenever we are confronted with experience, we always wonder how it came about.

A

plato

31
Q

He traced the need to philosophize to doubt. He was famous for rejecting or questioning established ideas, and he even went as far as doubting his own ideas. His method of examining ideas and perspectives became the basis of critical thinking and analysis in the sciences.

A

rene descartes

32
Q

He saw the need to philosophize because of experience. He believed that man is often confronted by experiences which challenge his ideas and frameworks. For him, philosophy provides us a means to understand adverse or challenging conditions, and to rise above them and gain new knowledge and perspectives.

A

karl jasper

33
Q

The need to philosophize is driven by the love for wisdom. To love wisdom is to have an insatiable desire for truth. By expanding our knowledge through philosophy, we begin to realize that learning is unceasing– there is a lot more to learn and experience in life.

A

socrates

34
Q

The philosophy which deals with beauty and what makes things “beautiful”. It is a science of the beautiful in its various manifestations—including the sublime, comic, tragic, pathetic, and ugly.

A

aesthetics

35
Q

The branch of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning.

A

logical

36
Q

It discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing. Epistemological questions are basic to all other philosophical inquiries. Epistemology explains: (1) how we know what we claim to know?; (2) how we can find out what we wish to know?; and (3) how we can differentiate truth from falsehood

A

epistemology

37
Q

A branch of philosophy which deals with moral questions and dilemmas

A

ethics

38
Q

It studies governments and deals with questions of justice, power and the rights and obligations of citizens

A

political philosophy

39
Q

A branch of philosophy which deals with questions regarding reality and existence. It is an extension of a fundamental and necessary drive in every human being to know what is real?

A

metaphysics

40
Q

An area in philosophy that understands the human person from a philosophical perspective– integrating and synthesizing the different branches of philosophy and other fields of study to know the truth about the human person.

A

philosophy of the human person

41
Q

It refers to a perspective that considers a large-scale patterns in systems. requires an individual to have an open mindset and ability to get the general sense or impression regarding a situation.

A

holistic thinking

42
Q

It focuses on specific aspects of a situation. view is an important component of analytical thinking, as an individual focuses on certain areas or aspects of a problem in order to understand it

A

Partial thinking

43
Q
A

INTRO TO PHILO (2 decks)

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