LESSON 1 Flashcards
is defined as taking a general view of, by observation and measurement determining the boundaries, size, position, quantity, condition, value etc. of land, estates, building, farms mines etc. and finally presenting the survey data in a suitable form.
SURVEYING
This covers the
work of the valuation surveyor, the quantity surveyor, the building
surveyor, the mining surveyor and so forth, as well as the land surveyor.
SURVEYING
as the act of making
measurement of the relative position of natural and manmade features
on earths surface and the presentation of this information either
graphically or numerically
SURVEYING
is the art and science of determining the relative positions of various points or stations on the surface of the earth by measuring the horizontal and vertical distances. angles and taking the details of these points and by preparing a map or plan to any scale.
SURVEYING
3 STAGES O FTHE PROCESS OF SURVEYING
- TAKING A GENERAL VIEW
- OBSERVATION AND MEASUREMENT
- PRESENTATION OF DATA
This part of the definition is important as it indicates the need to obtain an overall
picture of what is required before any type of survey work is undertaken. In land surveying, this is achieved during the reconnaissance study.
- TAKING A GENERAL VIEW
This part of the definition denotes the next stage of any survey, which in land
surveying constitutes the measurement to determine the relative position and
sizes of natural and artificial features on the land
- OBSERVATION AND MEASUREMENT
The data collected in any survey must be presented in a form which allows the
information to be clearly interpreted and understood by others. This presentation
may take the form of written report, bills of quantities, datasheets, drawings and
in land surveying maps and plan showing the features on the land
- PRESENTATION OF DATA
WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF SURVEYING
PLANE SURVEYING AND GEODETIC SURVEYING
is the type of surveying where the mean surface of the earth is considered as a plane. All angles are considered to be plane angles.
plane surveying
s that branch of surveying, which takes into account the true shape of the earth (spheroid).
geodetic surveying
For small areas less than 250 km2 __________________ can safely be used. For
most engineering projects such as canal, railway, highway, building, pipeline,
etc constructions, this type of surveying is used.
plane surveying
It is worth noting that the
difference between an arc distance of 18.5 km and the subtended chord lying
in the earth surface is ____.
7mm
Also the sum of the angles of a plane triangle
and the sum of the angles in a spherical triangle differ by________ for a
triangle on the earth surface having an area of __________
1 second
196 km2
type of surveying in which earth’s surface is considered as a plane and the curvature of the earth is ignored.
plane surveying
the line joining any two stations is considered to be straight
plane surveying
type of surveying in which the curvature of the earth is taken into consideration
geodetic surveying
the lining joining any two stations is considered as a curved line
geodetic surveying
The triangle formed by any three points
is considered as plane triangle.
plane surveying
The triangle formed by any three
points is considered as spherical
triangle.
geodetic surveying
It is done on an area less than 250 Km2
plane surveying
It is done on an area greater than 250
Km2
geodetic surveying
OBJECTIVE OF SURVEYING
The aim of surveying is to
_______________ to show
the relative positions of the
objects on the surface of the
earth.
prepare a plan or map
The _________ is drawn to
some suitable scale. It shows
the natural features of a
country such as towns, villages,
roads, railways, rivers, etc
MAP
may also include details
of different engineering works,
such as roads, railways,
irrigation, canals, etc
MAP