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XPrinciples of Flight > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The SI Unit System​ stands for

A

System International en Francais

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2
Q

SI unit for velocity

A

meters per second
m/s

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3
Q

SI unit for volume

A

meters cubed
m3

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4
Q

SI unit for speed

A

meters per second
m/s

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5
Q

SI unit for acceleration

A

meters per second per second
m/s2

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6
Q

SI unit for force

A

Newtons
N

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7
Q

SI unit for pressure

A

Newton per meter square
N/m2

=

Pascal

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8
Q

SI unit for weight

A

KILOGRAM
Kg

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9
Q

SI unit for MOMENTUM

A

Kg.m/s

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10
Q

SI unit for energy

A

Joules

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11
Q

SI unit for temperature

A

kelvin

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12
Q

SI unit for power

A

watts

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13
Q

What is acceleration and what symbol and what unit

A

Rate of change in velocity
symbol: a
Unit: meters per second squared
m/s2

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14
Q

What is 1Kg in pounds Lb?

A

2.205

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15
Q

Weight is a force so expressed in what?

A

Newtons

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16
Q

What is the value for Earth’s gravitational field?

A

9.81 meters squared (g)

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17
Q

What is the equation for weight given mass and gravity?

A

weight = mass x gravity
w=mg

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18
Q

What is the name of the point that weight acts about in flight?

A

Centre of gravity

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19
Q

Newtons first law is:

A

A body will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force

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20
Q

Newton’s second law is:

A

The acceleration of a body in a straight line is proportional to the applied force and inversely proportional to the mass of the body​

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21
Q

Newton’s third law is:

A

To each and every action there is an equal and opposite reaction​

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22
Q

What is the equation for force given mass and acceleration?

A

force = mass x acceleration
f=ma

F: in Newtons
m: Mass in Kg
a: Acceleration in m/s2

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23
Q

What is the scientific definition of force?
(not the equation)

A

In scientific use, (a measure of) the influence that changes movement

F=MA

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24
Q

What is the equation for speed given distance and time?

A

speed = distance⁄time

speed: meters per second
distance: meters
time: seconds

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25
Q

What is 1 knot in meters per second

A

0.5144 meters per second

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26
Q

What is velocity?

A

vector quality that indicates distance per time (speed) and direction.

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27
Q

Acceleration is a measure of change of what?

A

Velocity

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28
Q

What letter represents momentum?

A

p

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29
Q

What is the formula for momentum?

A

momentum

mass x velocity
p = mv

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30
Q

In physics, WORK is a “measure “ of transfer of energy that causes a ____________ of an object

A

displacement

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31
Q

What is the equation for work?

A

work = force x distance

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32
Q

What is the unit for work?

A

Joules

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33
Q

Define power

A

Rate of doing work.

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34
Q

What is the equation for power given work and time

A

power=work⁄time

power: watt
work: joules
time: seconds

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35
Q

What is the equation for power given force and speed?

A

power = force x speed

power watt
force newton
speed meters per second

36
Q

What are the two types of energy?

A

kinetic
potential

37
Q

Force x distance from pivot =

A

Moment

38
Q

Centre of pressure

A

The point that the lift works from. It’s usually aft of CG

39
Q

What is ISA density?

A

1.225 Kg/m3

40
Q

What is ISA pressure?

A

1013.25hpa

41
Q

What is ISA temperature?

A

15°c

42
Q

Volume flow = ?

A

frontal area x speed

43
Q

Mass flow = ?

A

volume flow x density

44
Q

What 3 factors change air density?

A

Air pressure
Air temperature
Humidity

45
Q

What is a measure of how much water vapour (and not water?) is contained within the atmosphere​?

A

Humidity

46
Q

What does increased humidity do to air density?

A

reduces it.

47
Q

The atmosphere contains what percentage of Oxygen?

A

21%

48
Q

The atmosphere contains what percentage of Nitrogen?

A

78%

49
Q

The atmosphere has 1% of trace gasses including:

A

Argon
CO2
Water vapour

50
Q

What is an aerodynamic force?

A

a force exerted on a body by the air in which the body is immersed, and is due to the relative motion between the body and the fluid

51
Q

As altitude increases, static pressure:

A

decreases

52
Q

Dynamic pressure defines as:

A

the pressure of a fluid (the Air) exerted on a body due to motion or the motion of an object moving through it​

53
Q

Total pressure is the sum of

A

Total pressure = static pressure + dynamic pressure

54
Q

1nm = ???? meters

A

1852 meters

55
Q

How many seconds are there in an hour?

A

3600

55
Q

1nm = ???? feet

A

6076 feet

56
Q

IAS measures what pressure

A

Dynamic

57
Q

Dynamic pressure is represented by which letter?

A

q

58
Q

Dynamic pressure can be measured in ??? or ???

A

Pascal’s (Pa)
or
Netwon meters2

59
Q

The equation for dynamic pressure is?

A

Dynamic pressure = 1⁄2 density x velocity squared

q = 1⁄2 ρ V2

60
Q

In the equation for dynamic pressure, what does the “V2” represent?

A

V is TAS

61
Q

When density is 1.225 kg/m3, what is the relationship between TAS and IAS?

A

TAS = IAS

62
Q

When density is greater than 1.225 kg/m3, what is the relationship between TAS and IAS?

A

TAS < IAS

63
Q

When density is less than 1.225 kg/m3, what is the relationship between TAS and IAS?

A

TAS > IAS

64
Q

What is the relationship between speed and dynamic pressure?

A

Dynamic pressure proportionate with speed squared

Q ∝ V2

65
Q

What are the 4 types of airspeed?

A

IAS indicated
CAS calibrated
EAS effective
TAS true

66
Q

What does CAS stand for and how does it improve on IAS?

A

Calibrated airspeed
Corrected for Instrument and position (pressure) errors​

67
Q

What does EAS stand for and how does it improve on CAS?

A

Equivalent airspeed
Corrected for compressibility (mach numbers over 0.3)

68
Q

What does TAS stand for and how does it improve on EAS?

A

True airspeed
Corrected for density

69
Q

Coanda effect describes?

A

Flow moving towards low pressure

70
Q

Stagnation point occurs?

A

Leading and trailing edge of an aerofoil when dynamic pressure is zero and static pressure is high

71
Q

The narrow part of a venturi is called the:

A

Throat

72
Q

The Total pressure through a venturi remains?

A

Constant?

73
Q

In a venturi, if the dynamic pressure increases then the static pressure…

A

decreases

74
Q

Describe Bernoulli’s Theorem​

A

Bernoulli’s principle: in a flow of an ideal fluid, the sum of (static) pressure and kinetic energy per unit volume (dynamic pressure) remains constant

75
Q

Leading edge of an aerofoil has a name…

A

Leading edge radius.

76
Q

What is the line that runs from the leading to trailing edge in an aerofoil?

A

The Chord line

77
Q

Alpha describes the angle between…..

A

Chord line and relative air flow

78
Q

Describe The mean camber line

A

an imaginary line half way between the upper and lower surfaces​

79
Q

Describe:
The maximum camber (or camber)

A

describes the distance between the mean camber line and the chord line​

80
Q

Explain positive and negative cambers

A

positive will produce lift upwards
negative will produce a force downwards

81
Q

How much lift will a Symmetrical aerofoil produce at 0°α (zero alpha)

A

zero

82
Q

Describe a biconvex aerofoil.

A

symmetrical x and y

83
Q

As AoA increases, where would you expect the centre of pressure to move to on a CAMBERED aerofoil?

A

Forward

84
Q

As AoA increases, where would you expect the centre of pressure to move to on a symmetrical aerofoil?

A

Nowhere

85
Q

Mass flow is a fundamental component for the production of aerodynamic force. Greater mass flow = ??

A

greater aerodynamic force

XPrinciples of Flight (5 decks)

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