lesson 1 Flashcards
involves the investigation of the
relationship between the structure and properties of materials
Materials science
deals with the modification of
structure to produce desired set of properties.
Materials engineering
a material usually relates to the arrangement of its internal components
Structure
is a material trait in terms
of the kind and magnitude of
response to a specific imposed
stimulus.
Property
Properties of Materials
Mechanical
Electrical
Thermal
Magnetic
Optical
Deteriorative
hardness, tensile
strength, malleability
Mechanical
electric conductivity
Electrical
thermal conductivity
Thermal
paramagnetism, diamagnetism
Magnetic
refraction, absorption, reflection
Optical
corrosion resistance
Deteriorative
FOUR COMPONENTS OF Mat Sci and Eng’g
- PROCESSING
- STRUCTURE
- PROPERTY
- PERFORMANCE
Classification of Materials
METALS
CERAMICS
POLYMERS
COMPOSITES
good conductors of
electricity and heat, composed of one or more metallic elements
(e.g., iron, aluminum, copper,
titanium, gold, and nickel), and often also non-metallic elements
(e.g., carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen) in relatively small amounts.
METALS
-low thermal and
electrical conductivity, brittle.
-are compounds between metallic and non-metallic elements; they are most
frequently oxides, nitrides, and carbides.
CERAMICS
low electrical conductivities and are nonmagnetic
POLYMERS
combination of 2 or more individual materials, which come
from the categories previously discussed—metals, ceramics, and polymers.
COMPOSITES
stiff, strong, flexible and low
density
GFRP “glass fiber–reinforced polymer”
are embedded within a polymer – stiffer and stronger than
glass fiber–reinforced materials
carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP)
Materials that are utilized in high-technology (or high-tech) applications
Advanced Materials
have electrical properties that are intermediate between the electrical
conductors (i.e., metals and metal alloys) and insulators (i.e., ceramics and polymers)
Semiconductors
employed in components implanted into the human body to replace diseased or damaged body parts. These materials must not produce toxic substances and must be compatible with body tissues
Biomaterials
are a group of new and state-of-the-art materials now being developed that will have a significant influence on many of our technologies.
Smart Materials
may be any one of the four basic types—metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. However, unlike these other materials, they are not distinguished on the basis of their chemistry, but rather, size;
Nanomaterials
