Lesson 1

Question 1

A set of rules; tells a computer what operations to perform.

Answer 1

Programming Languages

Question 2

A programming language is an _____ that controls the behavior of computers.

Answer 2

Artificial Language

Question 3

What are the reasons for studying the concepts of programming languages? (6)

Answer 3

1. To improve your ability to develop effective algorithms
2. To improve your use of your existing programming language
3. To increase our vocabulary of useful programming constructs
4. To allow a better choice of programming language
5. To make it easier to learn new language
6. To make it easier to design a new language

Question 4

What are the programming domains? (6)

Answer 4

Scientific Applications
Business Applications
Artificial Intelligence
Systems Programming
Scripting Languages
Special Purpose Languages

Question 5

The first digital computers appeared in the _____ and invented for scientific applications.

Answer 5

1940s

Question 6

During the World War II, the US defense department wanted computers to calculate trajectory of missiles.

Answer 6

Scientific Applications

Question 7

The main languages developed for scientific applications. (2)

Answer 7

FORTRAN & ALGOL 60

Question 8

Created COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language) Programming Language in the 1940s, the Arithmetic Language Version 0 (A-0) in the 1950s, and the Business Language Version 0 (B-0) in 1955; worked on secret calculations for warlike computing rocket trajectories.

Answer 8

Grace Hopper

Question 9

The use of computers for business applications began in the ______.

Answer 9

1950s

Question 10

A programming language for ______ can produce elaborate reports and have a precise way of describing and sorting decimal numbers and character data.

Answer 10

Business Applications

Question 11

The first high-level language for business; has tools like spreadsheets and database systems.

Answer 11

Common Business Orientated Language (COBOL)

Question 12

In ______, artificial intelligence played a very important role.

Answer 12

1960

Question 13

Use of symbolic rather than numeric computation (i.e. it must contain symbols, names etc.); more flexible language for symbolic computation; the ability to create and execute some code segments during execution

Answer 13

Artificial Intelligence

Question 14

The main languages used for Artificial Intelligence, using logic programming. (2)

Answer 14

LISP & PROLOG

Question 15

In _______, systems programming was used.

Answer 15

1960 & 1970

Question 16

Efficient; have low level features that allow the interface to external devices to be written; provide security.

Answer 16

System Software

Question 17

Scripting languages have evolved over _____ years.

Answer 17

25

Question 18

Putting a list of commands called a script in a title to be executed; for simple applications like file management and file filtering.

Answer 18

Scripting Languages

Question 19

What are the languages developed for scripting? (4)

Answer 19

SH
KornShell (Ksh)
AWK
TCL

Question 20

Who developed SH, the first scripting language?

Answer 20

Stephen Bourne

Question 21

Who developed KornShell (Ksh)?

Answer 21

David Korn

Question 22

Who developed AWK?

Answer 22

Alfred Aho, Peter Weinberger & Brian Kernighan

Question 23

Who developed TCL?

Answer 23

John Ousterhout

Question 24

Special Purpose Languages
have evolved over the past _____ years.

Answer 24

40

Question 25

Languages designed for a specific purpose.

Answer 25

Special Purpose Languages

Question 26

What are the languages developed for the special purpose languages?

Answer 26

PPG
API
GPSS

Question 27

A special purpose language to produce business reports.

Answer 27

PPG

Question 28

A special purpose language for instructing programmable machine tools.

Answer 28

API

Question 29

A special purpose language for system stimulation.

Answer 29

GPSS