Lesson 1 Flashcards
What is the world population?
8 million
What is Public International Law?
A set of rules and principlesgoverning the relations andconduct of sovereign states witheach other, as well as withinternational organizations andindividuals.
The 4 Main Historical Evolutions of International Society and International Law?
(1) The System of European States: Peace of Westphalia, 1648
(2) The System of States of Christian Civilization:
Vienna Conference, 1815
(3) The System of Civilized States: Berlin Conference, 1885
(4) The World International Society: from World War I , 1914-1918
What did the Peace of Westphalia Accomplish?
(1) Put an end to the Thirty-Year War
(2) Put an end fo the Eighty-Year War
(3) Equal Sovereignty of States
(4) Horizontal Legal Order
What did the Vienna Conference Accomplish?
(1) Reorganized Europe after the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars
(2) Opposition of newly independent American
States (which caused the International Community
to cease to be European, but also challenged the
legitimising values of European power)
What were the Goals of the Vienna Conference?
(1) Restoration of the Absolutism
(2) Re-establishment of a Balance of Powers
(3) Halting the Evolution Started with the French Revolutionary Wars
What did the Berlin Conference Accomplish?
(1) The process of enlargement of the original system culminated in the misnamed “Society
of Civilised States”
(2) The Berlin Conference served as the political and legal framework for
(3) European powers shared and apportioned the
African continent, extending to their colonial
domination the logic of balance of power
between them.
When was the Treaty of Versailles Adopted?
1919
What are the 5 Characteristics of International Society?
(1) Universal
(2) Heterogeneous
(3) Interdependent
(4) Decentralized
(5) Fragmented
What Events Helped Organize the International Community?
(1) Concert of Europe (set of principles, rules and practices that helped to maintain balance between the major powers after the Napoleonic Wars, and to spare Europe from another broad conflict). From the Congress of Vienna until WWI (1815-1914)
(2) The two Hague Conferences laid the groundwork fora new international system based on law - turning their back on the Concert of Europe and opening up to countries in the Americas and Asia. They marked the beginning of the era of large intl. conferences & institutionalized multilateralism. They establish the laws and customs of war in the strict sense, by defining the rules that belligerents must follow during hostilities.
What did the League of Nations Do?
First time in history: international organization set up for the purpose of MAINTAINING INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY.
4 Factors fo Change in Classic International Society?
(1) Soviet Revolution, 1917
(2) Colonial Revolution and the Decolonization Process
(3) Prohibition of Use of Force
(4) Technical and Scientific Revolution
9 New Factors of Change that Affect the Structure of the Contemporary International Society?
(1) End of the “Cold War”
(2) East / West split
(3) North / South split
(4) Protection of human rights :humanization of International Law
(5) Concern for the environment: sustainable development
(6) Globalization
(7) The period after September 11, 2001: new international order?
(8) Covid-19 Pandemic?
(9) Digitalization?
Core Values of the International Society: Evolution
Charter of the United Nations (1945) : International peace and security, friendly relations, and international cooperation
Resolution 2625 (XXV) (1970) on principles of cooperation and friendship: international peace founded on freedom, equality and justice and respect for human rights.
Millennium Declaration (2000): freedom, equality, solidarity, tolerance, respect for nature, common responsibility
World Summit (2005): peace and security, development and HHRR. Responsibility to protect (R2P)
Sustainable Development Goals (2030 Agenda): human dignity, sustainable dvlpmnt & lasting peace
World Humanitarian Summit (2016): One Humanity,Shared Responsibility
