LESSON 1

Question 1

• study of factors that determine the occurence and distribution of disease in a population
  APPLICATION: study to prevent and control health problems.
  CONCERN: positive health states and to improve health.
  SCOPE: population defined in geographical; population from a specific areas or country at specific time
  ex: specific group
• basic science of public health

Answer 1

epidemiology

Question 2

deals with the data from groups of px or popl’n

Answer 2

epidemiologist

Question 3

The science of collecting, analyzing, presenting and interpreting data.
Regarded in two ways:
Statistics as a method
Statistics as a data

Answer 3

biostatistics

Question 4

statistics is regarded in 2 ways:

Answer 4

statistics as method
statistics as data

Question 5

• orderly process of data collection, presentation, and interpretation

concerned with:
- types of data
- collected
- organization
- tabulation
- computation of rates
- mathematical procedures
- drawing of conclusion

Answer 5

statistics as method

Question 6

• quantitative data affected to a market extent by multiplicity of causes
• data are collected in order to measure something

e.g: no. of death, birth, death w/ specific disease

Answer 6

statistics as data

Question 7

2 branches of statistics

Answer 7

descriptive and inferential

Question 8

• methods involved to make a generalization and conclusion
• Ex: estimation of parameter, hypothesis of the study

Answer 8

inferential statistics

Question 8

• summarizes and present data
• answers questions like what, where, when

Answer 8

descriptive statistics

Question 9

2 categories (uses of statistics)

Answer 9

• problem of estimates
• problem of comparison

Question 10

Recognition and quantification of health problems at present and in the future.
Current and projected health manpower.
estimate of services needed to eliminate or reduced problem
Corresponding requirements of man, money and materials

Answer 10

PROBLEM OF ESTIMATES:

Question 11

diagnosing the health situation
In supervising the implementation of programs and in evaluation.

Answer 11

2. PROBLEMS OF COMPARISON:

Question 12

(fixed) phenomenon whose value remains the same from person to person, from time to time or from place to place.
Ex: number of minutes in an hour

Answer 12

CONSTANT

Question 13

(varied)- phenomenon whose values or categories cannot be predicted with certainty.

Answer 13

VARIATION

Question 14

Are things you measure, manipulate and control in statistics and research

Answer 14

VARIABLES:

Question 15

TYPES OF VARIABLES:

Answer 15

QUALITATIVE VARIABLES
QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES-

Question 16

one whose categories are simply used as labels to distinguish one group to another.

Answer 16

QUALITATIVE VARIABLES-

Question 17

measured and ordered according to quantity

Answer 17

QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES-

Question 18

it can be assume only integral values or whole numbers

Answer 18

discrete-

Question 19

it can attain any value including fraction or decimal

Answer 19

continuous

Question 20

SCALE OF MEASUREMENTS

Answer 20

• nominal
• ordinal
• interval
  -ratio

Question 21

label or categories ex: gender

Answer 21

NOMINAL-

Question 22

ranked or ordered ex: mild, moderate, severe

Answer 22

ORDINAL

Question 23

exact distance between two categories can be determined but the zero point is arbitrary ex: temperature

Answer 23

INTERVAL-

Question 24

zero point is fixed ex: weight, height

Answer 24

RATIO-

Question 25

TYPE OF DATA TO BE COLLECTED:

Answer 25

PRIMARY DATA
SECONDARY DATA

Question 26

personally collected data

Answer 26

PRIMARY DATA-

Question 27

borrowed data

Answer 27

SECONDARY DATA-

Question 28

AGENCIES CHARGED WITH COLLECTION OF HEALTH DATA:

Answer 28

LOCAL GOVERNMENT
CENSUS/ STATISTIC OFFICE ( PSA
HEALTH DEPARTMENTS

Question 29

Civil registry, local office or local chief of police

Answer 29

LOCAL GOVERNMENT

Question 30

)- conduct periodic population census/ survey.

Answer 30

CENSUS/ STATISTIC OFFICE ( PSA)-

Question 31

collect statistics on birth, death, sickness, disability, health services, health facilities and health manpower for its use in planning, implementation and evaluation of health programs ad projects.

Answer 31

HEALTH DEPARTMENTS