LESSON 1 Flashcards
Every year, under the federal law known as the ________,millions of children with disabilities receive special services designed to meet their unique needs.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
IDEA means?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
________ are provided through the state to infants and toddlers with disabilities under three years of age and their families.
Early intervention services
For school-aged children and youth (aged 3 through 21), ________ are provided through the school system.
special education and related services
The two purposes of evaluation to know who is eligible for IDEA services:
+ to see if the child has a disability (as defined by IDEA)
+ to learn in more detail what special education and related services he or she needs.
Under IDEA, “infants and toddlers with disabilities“ are defined as individuals under three years of age who need early intervention services because they:
+ are experiencing developmental delays (as measured by appropriate diagnostic instruments and procedures)
+ have a diagnosed physical or mental condition (that has a high probability of resulting in developmental delay)
These are the areas where infants and toddlers with disabilities could experience developmental delays:
Cognitive development
Physical development
Communication development
Social/Emotional development
Adaptive development
IDEA lists 13 different disability categories under which 3- through 21-year-olds may be eligible for services. The disability categories listed in IDEA are:
- autism
- deaf-blindness
- deafness
- emotional disturbance
- hearing impairment
- intellectual disability
- multiple disabilities
- orthopedic impairment
- other health impairment
- specific learning disability
- speech or language impairment
- traumatic brain injury
- visual impairment (including blindness).
Under IDEA, a child may not be identified as a ______ primarily because he or she speaks a language other than English and does not speak or understand English well.
“child with a disability”
A child may also not be identified as having a _____ just because he or she has not had enough appropriate instruction in math or reading.
“disability”
LEA means?
Local Educational Agencies
Authorities can use the term “developmental delay” with children aged 3 - 9 years old if they experience developmental delays in one or more of the following areas:
*physical development
*cognitive development
*communication development
*social or emotional development
*adaptive development
If a state chooses to include developmental delay in its definition of an eligible _______ it must define precisely what the term means and ensure that its definition is consistent with IDEA’s definition.
“child with a disability”
Three more points to note about the term developmental delay:
- A state may not require an LEA to adopt and use the term developmental delay.
- If an LEA uses the term, the LEA must conform to both the state’s definition of the term and to the age range the state has adopted.
- If a state does not adopt the term, an LEA may not independently use the term to establish a child’s eligibility under IDEA.
a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age three, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
AUTISM
Other characteristics often associated with autism are:
engaging in repetitive activities
stereotyped movements
resistance to environmental change
change in daily routines
unusual responses to sensory experiences
concomitant [simultaneous] hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness
DEAF-BLINDNESS
a hearing impairment so severe that a child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance
DEAFNESS
EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCE…
…means a condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects a child’s educational performance:
(a) An inability to learn (that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors)
(b) An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers.
(c) Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances.
(d) A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression.
(e) A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems
The term includes schizophrenia. The term does not apply to children who are socially maladjusted, unless it is determined that they have an ___________
emotional disturbance
this is an impairment in ________, whether permanent or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance but is not included under the definition of “deafness”
HEARING IMPAIRMENT
significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently [at the same time] with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY
concomitant [simultaneous] impairments (such as intellectual disability-blindness, intellectual disability-orthopedic impairment), the combination of which causes such severe educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments. The term does not include deaf blindness.
MULTIPLE DISABILITIES
The term includes impairments caused by a congenital anomaly, impairments caused by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis), and impairments from other causes (e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or burns that cause contractures).
ORTHOPEDIC IMPAIRMENT
