Lesson 1

Question 1

It is a raw material &unorganized facts that need to be processed

Answer 1

DATA

Question 2

Information in raw or unorganized form (such as
alphabets, numbers, or symbols) that refers to
conditions, ideas,or objects.

Answer 2

DATA

Question 3

Organized in rows and columns in a rigidly defined format so that applications can retrieve and process it efficiently.

examples: Databases, Spreadsheets

Answer 3

STRUCTURED DATA

Question 4

is unstructured if its elements cannot be stored in rows and columns, which makes it difficult to query and retrieve by applications

examples: forms,images,audio,movie

Answer 4

UNSTRUCTURED DATA

Question 5

data that have been processed in such a way as to increase the knowledge of the person who uses the data.

Answer 5

INFORMATION

Question 6

is structured information that describes, explains, locates, or
otherwise makes it easier to retrieve, use, or manage an information resource.

Data that describe the properties or characteristics of end-user
data, and the context of thatdata.

Answer 6

METADATA

Question 7

an individual or a group of individuals that
accept responsibilities to run an organization.
They Plan, Organize, Direct and Control all the
essential activities of the organization.
Management does not do the workthemselves.

Answer 7

MANAGEMENT

Question 8

It is a cycle of processes that support the organization’s learning activities: process of acquiring, organizing, storing, and using information.

Answer 8

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Question 9

An organized collection of logically relateddata.

Answer 9

DATABASE

Question 10

DBMS stands for…?

Answer 10

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Question 11

A set of software programs that controls the organization, storage, management, and retrieval of data in adatabase.

Answer 11

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Question 12

a database involves specifying the data types, structures, and
constraints of the data to be stored in the database.

Answer 12

Defining

Question 13

the database is the process of storing the data on some storage medium that is controlled by the DBMS.

Answer 13

CONSTRUCTING

Question 14

a database includes functions such as querying the
database to retrieve specific data.

Answer 14

MANIPULATING

Question 15

a database allows multiple users and programs to access the data simultaneously.

Answer 15

SHARING

Question 16

the first computer application focused on clerical tasks:
order/entry processing, payroll, work schedule, and so
on.

Answer 16

MANUAL FILE SYSTEM

Question 17

the conversion from a manual file system to a matching
computer file system tended to be technically complex
and a new kind of professional.

Answer 17

Data Processing (DP)Specialist

Question 18

is a collection of application programs that perform tasks where each program defines and manages its owndata.

Answer 18

TRADITIONAL FILE-BASED SYSTEMS

Question 19

Limitations of File-based Systems
* Isolation of Data
* Redundancy
* Incompatible File Formats
* Limited Data sharing
* Excessive Program Maintenance

Question 20

each software and each application manage its own data. The users of one application might not know about the data managed in other systems.

Answer 20

ISOLATION OF DATA

Question 21

often the same data is managed more
than once in different applications. This needs more
storage space and generates higher costs for data
capture andupdate.

Answer 21

REDUNDANCY

Question 22

since each application has
its own file format it’s hard or impossible to exchange
files between differentapplications.

Answer 22

INCOMPATIBLE FILE FORMATS

Question 23

no centralized control of data.

Answer 23

LIMITED DATA SHARING

Question 24

80% of information
systemsbudget

Answer 24

EXCESSIVE PROGRAM MAINTENANCE

Question 25

Elements of Database Approach
* Data Model
* Entity
* Relationship
* Relational Database

Question 25

Advantages/Characteristics of Database Approach
* Concurrent Use
* Structured and Described Data
* Separation of Data and Applications
* Data Integrity
* Transaction
* Data Persistence
* Data views

Question 26

Advantages of a DBMS
* Better Data Integration
* Data Security
* Faster Data Access
* Simplicity
* Recovery and Backup

Question 27

Disadvantages of a DBMS
* Danger of Overkill
* Complexity
* Qualified Personnel
* Costs
* Lower Efficiency

Question 28

is responsible for the management of the data source

Answer 28

DATA ADMINISTRATOR (DA)

Question 29

is responsible for the physical realization of the database.

Answer 29

DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR (DBA)

Question 30

is concerned with the identifying the data the relationships between the data, and the constraints on the data that is to be stored in the database.

Answer 30

LOGICAL DATABASE DESIGNER

Question 31

decides how the logical database design is to be physicaly realized.

Answer 31

PHYSICAL DATABASE DESIGNER

Question 32

once the database has been implemented, the application programms that provide the requirement functionality for the end-users must be implemented. This is the responsibility of the application developers.

Answer 32

THE APPLICATION DEVELOPERS

Question 33

are the “clients” of the database, which hase been designed and implemented and is bein maintained to serve a their information needs.

Answer 33

THE END-USERS