lesson 1 Flashcards
what are phases of matter?
solid -> definite shape and volume.
liquid -> shape depends on container, definite volume.
gas -> takes on shape and volume of container.
what causes phases to change?
phases change as energy increase.
what is properties of gases?
no defined shape or volume
density in lower than other states.
can be compressed.
exerts pressure on surroundings.
what is pressure? + units.
force exerted by gas on its surroundings.
atm, mmHg, torr, pascal.
1 atm = ? mmHg
1 atm = 760 mmHg
1 atm = ? torr
760 torr
torr = ? pa
133.32 pa
1 atm = ? pa
101325 pa
what is Boyle’s gas law?
PV = k
there is an inverse relation between pressure and volume at constant temperature.
when can we use Boyle’s gas law?
when it’s at constant temperature and in ideal gas or as close to ideal.
what is Charles’s gas law?
V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
volume and temperature increase linearly at constant pressure.
when can we use Charles’s law?
at constant pressure.
pressure in kalvin.
what is Avogadro’s law?
V1 / n1 = V2 / n2
The total number of atoms is proportional to volume.
when is Avogadro’s law used?
when it’s at a constant temperature and pressure.
what is ideal gas law?
combines Avogadro + Boyle + Charles law.
PV = nRT
R in gas law equals?
R = 0.08206 L.atm/k.mol
density of gas.
d = molar mass * P / RT
what is Dalton’s law of partial pressure.
P(total) = P1 + P2 + P3 + ……
what is diffusion?
term used to describe the mixing of gases,
what is effusion?
term used to describe the passage of a gas through a tiny orifice into an evacuated chamber.
Graham’s law of effusion to describe the motion of gas in diffusion?
diffusion -> mixing of gas happens because of random motion and collision
Graham’s law of effusion to describe the motion of gas in effusion
effusion -> the gas molecules escape without collision through a tiny hole into a vacuum.
Graham’s law of effusion.
the relative rates of effusion of two gases at the same temperature and pressure are = the inverse ratio of the square roots of the masses of gas particles.
molar volume at STP = ?
22.42 L
what are the standard temperature and pressure?
temperature = 0 C pressure = 1 atm