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L&C Thinking > Lesson 1: > Flashcards

Lesson 1: Flashcards

* The Nature of Logic * Importance of Studying Logic * The Nature of Language: Functions, Forms of Discourse, Emotive Words

1
Q

tool of critical
thinking

belongs in philosophy

A

Nature of Logic

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2
Q

meaning “treatise on matters pertaining to thought”

A

“Logike”

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3
Q

Philosophical science of correct reasoning

A

Logic

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4
Q

Why study LOGIC?

13 reason

A 
Power
Order
Writing
Reading
Happiness
Religious Faith
Wisdom
Democracy
Defining logic's limit
Truth
Testing Authority
Recognizing contradiction
Certainty
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5
Q

T or F

Logic is important

A

T

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6
Q

THE 3 ACTS OF THE MIND

A

1st act of mind
2nd act of mind
3rd act of mind

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7
Q

T or F

the product of the second act of the mind is CONCEPT

A

F

1st yun

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8
Q

abstract representation of things and may be expressed or

defined by meaningful terms (ideas are synonymous with concepts)

A

concept

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9
Q

a person’s subjective expression of the term

A

CONCEPTS

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10
Q

objective expression of the terms

A

TERMS

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11
Q

Linguistic expression of a term

A

WORDS

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12
Q

builds the mental habit of thinking in
an orderly way through examination of
forms and structures of thought

A

Order

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13
Q

Mental product: syllogistic argument

Demonstration: correct and valid
form

Includes laws and patterns of correct
inference

A

Logic

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14
Q

Logic has _____:

leading to persuasion

A

Power

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15
Q

helps in reading any book clearly

and effectively

A

Reading

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16
Q

T or F
Logic can strengthen
faith

Clarify what is believed in

Deduce the necessary consequences of the belief and
apply it to difficult situations

Can give firmer reasons for faith than feelings,
desires, moods, etc.

A

T

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17
Q

When we attain what we desire, we are happy.
Whatever we desire is easier to attain when we think more clearly.
Logic helps us to think more clearly.
Therefore, Logic helps us to be happy.

T or F

A

T

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18
Q

one of Philosophy’s main

instruments

A

Wisdom

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19
Q

clear writing and clear thinking are

a “package deal”

A

Writing

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20
Q

social and political reasons in

studying Logic

A

Democracy

21
Q

Logic can strengthen

faith

A

True

under: Religious Faith

22
Q

no “inner limits”

If it is true that the sun will rise
tomorrow, then it is false that it will not
rise tomorrow.

A

Certainty

23
Q

helps us find truth

by defining our terms

by giving good reasons, arguments, proofs

A

Truth

24
Q

which
ideas contradict each
other

A

Recognizing

Contradictions

25
Q

Language (3) Three Basic Functions

A

Informative
Expressive
Directive

26
Q

Expressive – 2 components

A

Express feelings/emotions

Evoke feelings/emotions

27
Q

2 Discourse Serving Multiple

Functions

A

Ceremonial Discourses

Performative Utterance

28
Q

2 Classification of Sign

A

Natural

Artificial

29
Q

2 Manifestations of Sign

A

Formal

Instrumental

30
Q

one that manifests an object
from its likeness or resemblance to it:

ex. a photograph

A

Formal

31
Q

the connection with the thing it
manifests is provided by common
understanding or agreement, which is usually tacit

ex. terms/words, flag of the nation

A

Articifial

32
Q

one whose connection with the
object it manifests is given by nature

Ex. Heavy dark clouds → rain

A

Natural

33
Q

one which manifests an object
from any other connection it bears to the latter,
aside from resemblance; signifies that the sign is
a means for knowing some other thing.

Ex. Thumbmark, terms/words

A

Instrumental

34
Q

intended to cause an action

A

Directive

35
Q

describes the word and the reason about it

A

Informative

36
Q

2 components are as follows:

a. Express feelings or emotions
b. Evoke feelings or emotions

A

Expressive

37
Q

Example: “I apologize…” “I congratulate…”

A

Performance Utterance

38
Q

Example: “ I wed you thee” “I now pronounce you husband and wife”

A

Ceremonial Discourses

39
Q

T or F

we can’t convince other people if we can’t present it in and orderly manner

A

T

40
Q

T or F

Logic doesn’t give us a power

A

F

Logic can give us power of PERSUASION

41
Q

T of F

there wrong and right proofs

A

F

there is no such thing us wrong proof

42
Q

“package deal”

A

clear writing and clear thinking

43
Q

T or F

if you follow the rules of logic and write in a logical manner you will be an effective writer because you will be able to persuade you reader and that is your POWER

A

T

44
Q

T or F

it is easy to persuade people if you have evidences

and it is harder to persuade them if you arrange your evidences in an orderly manner

A

F

it is easier to persuade them if you arrange your evidences in an orderly manner

45
Q

T or F

Logic won’t allow us to learn from our mistakes

A

F

it allow us

46
Q

T or F

Logic helps us strengthen our faith and weaken it

A

T

47
Q

T or F

logic can help us gain wisdom

A

T

48
Q

T or F

Logical person are very easy to be swayed by emotions

A

F

can’t easily swayed ang taong logical

(Logical ka ba?)

49
Q

T or F

we should be lead by reason and persuasion not by force

A

T

L&C Thinking (4 decks)

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