Les 1: informatie Flashcards
What are the most common accidents
falling and accidental poisoning (children under 5)
what are some first aid supplies
bandages
vinyl gloves
sterile dressings
plasters
what do you need to do when you have a sprain or strain
R = rest
I = ice
C = compress
E = elevate
when do you need to see a doctor with a sprain/strain
if the swelling doesn’t go down
what do you need to do with a cut or graze?
- wash and dry your own hands (if its someone else)
- clean the cut with running water and the surrounding area with water and soap
- pat dry
- cover the cut with a sterile dressing
what to do if someone has been poisoned
- identify what the person has taken
- call an ambulance + give details of what poison was taken and amount
- reassure casualty
- keep evidence of poison (and possibly sample of vomit for analysis) give these to paramedics
- check responsiveness and breathing while waiting for help to arrive
what shouldn’t you do with a person that has been poisoned
make them vomit
what to do if the poison has burned the casualty’s lips
give them sips of water or milk
what are the dangers with insect stings
multiple stings
allergic reaction
what are symptoms of an allergic reaction by an insect sting
swelling, itchiness, dizziness, wheezing, nausea
what is the first thing you do when someone has been stung
remove the stinger, if its a child then a responsible adult should do it
do this with a blunt edge of a knife or other object, do not use tweezers
what can’t you use tweezers to remove insect stinger
you may squeeze it resulting in more poison being released inside of the person
what do you do when someone has been stung (after the stinger has been removed)
- Wash area
- Cold compress
- Raise bodypart (prevent swelling)
- Cream or spray against itching/ swelling
- Painkillers
what shouldn’t you do if you’ve been stung
scratch the area, this may lead to an infection
when do you need to see a GP after being stung
if it is still red or itching after 48 hours
what is the main risk when someone isn’t breathing
brain is starved of oxygen -> brain damage and death
prevent: maintain oxygen supply
what to do if someone falls unconscious
- Asses situation (is there a hazard to yourself or the person, traffic, electricity)
- “shake and shout” (gently shake person and ask If they are alright/ could open their eyes)
- Send for help
- Turn on their back (watch out for neck/ spinal injuries)
- ABC (airway, breathing, circulation)
What do the ABC of resuscitation do?
keep the oxygen supplied to the brain
what does A: airway mean
: clear the airway if anything is blocking it, possibly tilt the head back and lift the chin to prevent the tongue from falling back
What does B: breathing mean
if the person is not breathing, give two rescue breaths then reassess
What does C: circulation mean
try to feel for the pulse, however this is time consuming. Start chest compressions if the person is not breathing
what not to do if someone has collapsed
DON’T leave person alone, get bystanders to call for an ambulance, shout or find a phone quickly
what to do if the person who has collapsed is conscious
leave them in the position they are in.
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
what is CPR
chest compressions + rescue breathing
what is a defibrillator
machine delivers a shock to the heart to make it beat in a regular rhythm again
what is the action plan if someone is responsive and breathing
- Leave in position
- If necessary get help
- Keep an eye on their condition
what is the action plan if someone is unconscious but breathing normally
- Put into recovery position
- Call an ambulance
- Check for continued breathing
what is the action plan if someone is unconscious and not breathing
- Contact emergency service
- Give 2 rescue breaths
- If not sure: check for pulse
- No pulse or not sure: 15 chest compressions, 2 breaths, repeat until services arrive
- Pulse: continue rescue breathing + recheck for pulse every minute or 10 breaths
what do you need to do if someone has stopped breathing/ how do you perform rescue breathing
- Tilt head back (open air passage)
- Squeeze nostrils together
- Blow your own breath through their mouth into their lungs
- Repeat until respiration is restored
What do you do if someone is bleeding
Control bleeding by applying pressure to the affected part with your hands or squeeze the edges of the wound together.
Do not pull any objects out
what is the first thing you do if someone falls unconscious
Turn the victim in the recovery position (prevents drowning in own vomit)
what to do if someone is in shock
Can present in many cases of injury and sudden illness. Comfort and reassure the person. Lay the victim down on a blanket or mat with legs raised if possible.
what to do if someone broke a bone
Don’t move the person. Secure injured limbs to the body or the other uninjured limb.
what to do if someone is burned or scalded
Cool affected area with lukewarm water, cover with clean cloth or dressing until seen by a doctor.
