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Chapter 4 > Lepidosauromorpha > Flashcards

Lepidosauromorpha Flashcards

1
Q

Orders in Lepidosauria

A

Order Squamata
Order Sphenodontidae

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2
Q

What does order Squamata consist of?

A

Lacertilia: lizards
Serpentenes: Snakes
Mosasauria: mosasaurs

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3
Q

Sphenodontidae

A

Tuatara; came up with a lizard body first

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4
Q

Clade Mosasauria

A

extinct, they got big but also small forms

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5
Q

Lizards (Lacertilia)

A

lots of variety, think gecko vs monitor lizard
explosive radiation
should be broken up into independent clades

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6
Q

Serpentes

A

late jurassic
survive extinction event

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7
Q

Mosasaurs

A

wouldn’t stop growing = dominated their prey - size is being selected for
predator-prey relationship driving this

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8
Q

Order Scleroglossa

A

Mosasaurus hoffmannii

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9
Q

Mosasaurus hoffmannii

A

considered to be largest marine reptile in the world
no evidence of size slowing down
bifurcated tongue - chemosensing (looking and acting like a lizard but in water)

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10
Q

Veranoids

A

NORBERT
occupy coastal environments = new niche space since most lizards weren’t occupying oceans

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11
Q

What is unique to veranoids (norbert)?

A

salt glands
Iguana have a response to salt in which they purge via sneezing

have a keel (lateral extension of tail) in order to deal with waves

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12
Q

List mosasaur spp in order from small to big

A
  1. Prognathodon spp
  2. Tylosaurus spp
  3. Mosasaurus hoffmannii
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13
Q

Family Helodermatidae
(Helamonsters)

A

swollen venom gland in lower jaw
tails = anatomically equivalent to camels hump

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14
Q

Tetrapodophis spp

A

snake with dinky fore and hind limbs

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15
Q

Serpentes

A

snakes, very special group of LIZARDS just modified

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16
Q

Family Boidae

A

big and hefty, used to be in NA but got too cold, yellow anaconda

17
Q

Family Pythonidae

A

able to eat a whole adult male red kangaroo thanks to quadrate bone, ligaments and two mandible bones in lower jaw

18
Q

Family Colubridae

A

typical snakes
rear fanged snakes - grooved tooth in rear of mouth with Devernoys gland w venom
boomslang venom - starts dissolving blood vessels - bleed out all capillaries = exsanguination

19
Q

Family Elapidae

A

fixed front fanged snakes
neurotoxic venom
evolved protein that goes into diaphragm making smooth muscle response stop - doesn’t hurt, you just die an hour later

20
Q

Family Viperidae

A

hinged fangs
largest of any snakes
venom strategy = protein lysis
bite is awful - chunk of you sloughs off

21
Q

Family Crotalidae

A

pit vipers = hole in face for seeing heat
most derived advanced living reptiles
showed up in middle of mammals

22
Q
A

Chapter 4 (3 decks)

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