Lenin's approach to foreign affairs Flashcards
Which troops were ports in Murmansk (Arctic) and Archangel (White Sea) occupied by?
British
French
US
What were the French and British troops alarmed by?
The Comitern and spread of revolution in Germany and Central Europe
What is the Comitern?
Communist international body set up in Moscow in March 1919 to organise worldwide revolution
Why did the French take lead in an international campaign against the Reds?
Lenin refused to pay back any foreign debt (1918) and many financers in France had heavily invested in tsarist Russia
Name 3 interventions in the Baltic States
- April 1918 Japanese troops occupied far-eastern port pf Vladivostok
- French established major land base around the Black Sea port of Odessa
- 1918 British warships entered Russian Baltic waters and the Black Sea
What year was the war against Poland?
1920
What happened when the Red Army marched into Poland?
Poles saw the invasion as traditional Russian aggression and drove the Red Army back across the border
What was Lenin’s realistic/pragmatic approach to foreign affairs based on?
- The defeat to Poland in 1920
- The level of foreign intervention during the civil war
- The failure of community revolutions around the world (Germany & Hungary)
What did Lenin’s approach to foreign policy show?
- The time was not right for world revolution
- Capitalist nations were still too strong
- Had to adjust foreign policies
Which country was the last to leave Russia and in what year?
Japan, 1922
1 failure of the attacks by interventionists
Uncoordinated, little cooperation between interventionists
What year were French and US troops recalled?
End of 1919
2 general failures of the interventionists
- No concerted attempt was ever made to unseat the Bolshevik regime
- After a token display of aggression, foreign troops began to withdraw
When was the Treaty of Rapallo signed?
April 1922
What did the Treaty of Rapallo entail?
Russia would provide German forces with military training grounds and resources, and in return Russia would gain special trading rights in Germany
What year was the Treaty of Berlin signed?
1926
What did the Treaty of Berlin confirm?
The main terms of the Rapallo treaty
Who was the 1924 Anglo-Soviet agreement between?
Britain and the Soviet Union
What did the Anglo-Soviet treaty entail?
Britain would provide the soviet with a £30million loan in return for the Soviet Union paying compensation for British financial assets
Date of the Zinoviev Letter
25th October 1924
What is the 1921 British Communist Party?
Subservient to the Comitern, which provided the bulk of its funds
Who are the White Russian emigres?
Anti-Bolsheviks who fled from Russia during the years following the 1917 October Revolution
Why were there foreign interventions?
- Resentment from Russian withdrawal from war
- To recover supplies
- Fear of Bolshevism
- Anger at Bolshevik writing off Russian debt
- To support the Whites
Who were the interventionists?
Britain, France, Japan, USA, Italy, Finland, Lithuania, Poland, Romania
What does ‘pariah’ mean?
Outcast
Who was the Zinoviev Letter addressed to?
British Communist Party
What did the Zinoviev Letter urge BCP members to do?
Infiltrate the Labour Party and use it to bring down the British State in an armed insurrection
Who did the Zinoviev Letter provide ammunition for?
Those in Britain who thought the Labour government and revolutionary Russia were far too close for Britain’s good.
