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Legislation/celestial Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the purpose of the ISM code

A

Set by the IMO - under SOLAS chapter 9.
Its primary purpose is to ensure the safety of ships and the prevention of marine pollution.

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2
Q

What are the aims of the ISM code

A

Set guidelines to standardise safe practices
Apply a SMS on board vessels to ensure compliance with international regulations
Promote a safety culture on board through the continuous improvement of safety systems and implementation of risk assessments.
Define the responsibilities of ship owners, masters, crew and management.

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3
Q

How does HSE (health, safety and environment) get implemented onto vessels?

A

Through the SMS, Particularly through:
Drills,
Training
Audits/inspections
Risk assessments
Routine inspections
Briefings
Reporting

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4
Q

What is the HSWA

A

Health and safety at work act (2015). This is the primary legislation that sets out the legal framework for workplace health and safety in New Zealand. It places duties and responsibilities on employers, employees, and others to ensure a safe and healthy work environment. The HSWA also outlines the role and powers of WorkSafe.

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5
Q

What are some non adjustable sextant errors

A

These will be tabulated into the calibration certificate in the sextant box.
Centring error (index bar/index mirror not rotation from same point)
Graduation error (Faulty/inaccurate markings)
Shade error (shade surfaces not being parallel)
Prismatic error (two mirror surfaces not being plane and parallel to each other)
Collimating error (telescope not parallel to plane of the sextant)

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6
Q

What are the main three adjustable sextant errors

A

Perpendicularity error (Mirror isn’t perpendicular to plane of sextant) Look directly into the mirror and line the frame up.
Side Error
Index Error

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7
Q

What is Nominal, geographical and Luminous range and how would they be used

A

Nominal is the range shown on the chart, its how far you would see it with a visibility of 10 NM
Luminous is the maximum range you could see the light with existing visibility conditions
Geographic range is the range at which the light can be raised/dipped depending on the height of the light and observer.

Can be used for finding a range from an object when raising or dipping a light, using the luminous range table in the (Nz) almanac. If the luminous range is greater than the geographic range, you can use the light tables by raising or dipping it to get a range. Nominal range is given on the chart.

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8
Q

What information would you find in a vessels SMS

A

Roles/Responsibilities
Reporting / investigation
Emergency procedures
Documentation and record keeping
Security Measures
Audits/Inspections
LSA/FFE servicing intervals
Training and competency
SOPs

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9
Q

Where would you find tidal information?

A

Nz (almanac)
Admiralty Tidal tables

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10
Q

What are ALRS volumes 1-5

A

Can Randy Maidens Make Good Partners
1- Coast radio stations
2 - Radio/ Nav aids
3 - Maritime safety info
4 - Meteorological stations
5 - GMDSS
6 - Pilotage info / VTS

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11
Q

What are your initial actions after sighting a flare

A

Call master
Fix position
Take bearing to the signal
Monitor distress signals
Monitor X band radar for SART
Check chart and plot course in direction of bearing
Potentially alert all crew and ready first aid equipment and rescue boat

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12
Q

What are some of the limitations of RADAR

A
  • Blind and shadow Sectors
  • Indirect paint in these sectors
  • Bearing discrimination (scanner size)
  • Range discrimination (pulse length)
  • Max detection range (height of scanner and target)
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13
Q

What are some of the Publications that you would use in the Appraisal stage of passage planning

A

NP100 - mariners hand book
Admiralty Vol 1 - 6
Almanac
Ocean currents and weather charts
Tidal tables
Charts

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14
Q

What is LRIT

A

Long range info and tracking on vessels (purpose is for security and safety)
It sends continuous updates of the vessels position to flag.
Compulsory for all vessels over 300GT.

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15
Q

What publications may you carry electronically

A

Any admiralty publications that start with AD, eg AD11

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16
Q

Where do you get your chart corrections from?

A

Notices to mariners ( Weekly for uk, Two weeks in NZ)

17
Q

What is the cumulative list and annual summary of NTM

A

Cumulative list is put out twice annually and has all of the NTM from the past year
Annual is a yearly summary of notices such as publications and distress signalling (doesn’t change much)

18
Q

What are the sewage discharge requirements under MARPOL

A

ANNEX 4.
Must be on route moving at least 4knots and outside 3NM for macerated. 12NM if not macerated. Outside of special areas.

19
Q

What RADAR is mandatory to carry and what are its attributes

A

X band-
3cm wave length
9-10 GHz frequency
Affected by weather sea rain and fog

20
Q

What does ecdis have to adhere to

A

Standards set by the IHO such as
S57 - Standards for hydrographic data
S52 - specifications for display

21
Q

What does fog do to diminish radar

A

It absorbes the pulse which limit detection range

22
Q

What determines a good radar paint

A

S ize
C omposition
A spect
T exture
S hape

23
Q

What is IAMSAR

A

International aeronautical and maritime search and rescue.

A guide to search and rescue patterns and plans for vessels and aircraft

24
Q

What are the characteristics of S band radar

A

10cm wavelength
Lower frequency

Better for visuals through sea rain and fog

25
Q

How would a SART apear and on what radar

A

X band Radar.
Would initially appear as 12 dots in line (SART is closest dot), begin to arc, then circle around you.

26
Q

What frequencies are better for your echo sounder in deep and shallow water?

A

Lower frequencies for deep
Higher frequencies for shallow

27
Q

What type of speed log do you have and how does it work

A

A Doppler sounder with a Janus configuration (multi directional).
Puts out a radio wave frequency and measures how fast that frequency is changed due to the movement of water past it. Ground tracking will adjust that frequency by lowering it to reflect of the bottom (to about 200m).

28
Q

What vessels must have AIS and why

A

Vessels over 500Gt or 300Gt in international waters
Brought in by SOLAS chapter 11-2 ISPS.

29
Q

What vessels must have placards for garbage

A

Over 12m

30
Q

What is panting, racking, pounding and sloshing forces?

A

Panting - change in inward pressure as the vessel is in air/water
Racking - Shear forces as the vessel moves through a seaway
Pounding - impact force of the bow of the vessel smashing into a seaway
Sloshing - Forces caused by the movement of liquids within tanks

31
Q

What areas are IALA A

A

Every other than Americas, Japan, Korea, and Phillipines

32
Q

How long is a shackle and a cable?

A

Shackle = 27.3m (90ft)
Cable = 180m

33
Q

Where does a NM come from

A

A measure of latitude. 1 deg = 60NM thus 1 min = 1 NM

34
Q

Where would you find info on chart symbols

A

NP5011, (12 for ecdis)

35
Q

How often must your compass be swung and how long for a full deviation check?

A

At least once a year (SOLAS chapter 5)
At least once every two years for full deviation check

36
Q

Where should the compass be mounted

A

On the centreline of the vessel in a protected area

37
Q

What is a compass error you may get

A

Heeling error, caused by movement of vessel, is greater on nth or south headings.

General Knowledge (6 decks)

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