Legislation and Treaties Flashcards by Tara Gunstenson

Treaty of Tordesillas

Split the non-christian world between Spain and Portugal

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Mayflower Compact

One of the first documents in America
Agreement on how to run the church
Gov. William Bradford

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Navigation Acts

Ships must be build by the British
The captain and most of the crew must be British
All goods must travel on English or colonial ships
Cromwell’s War against the Dutch
All goods from BNA had to be shipped to England, unloaded and taxed before they could be sold in the colonies

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Britain’s Declaration of rights

Possibly a rough draft of America’s Declaration of rights

Crown can’t make laws without parliment

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Treaty of Ryswick

Ends king William’s war

“Status quo ante-bellum”

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Treaty of Utrecht

1713
Ends war of Spanish succession
seeming win for Britain
Gives England right to sell slaves in Spanish ports
Big time move into international slave trade

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Treaty of Aix-la-Chappelle

1748
Ended the war of Austrian succession
only a truce

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Treaty of Paris

1763
Negotiate new France for sugar islands
Britain gets all of French territory to the Mississippi

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King George and PM Grenville’s new colony policy

Colonies must pay for their own defense
Follow the navigation acts
End of wise and salutary neglect

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Sugar act

1764

Taxes on goods imported to the colonies

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Stamp act

1765

Every newspaper, official document, etc. must pay to have a stamp

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Quartering act

1765

Colonies must pay for the feeding and housing of British troops

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Declaratory act

Response to boycott of imported goods after the sugar act
Taxes drop dramatically on imports and exports
parliament saying “we aren’t going to tax you but we could”

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Townsend Duties/acts

Import duties on glass, lead, paper and tea
Different than sugar, stamp and quartering act
not just for paying for defense of colonies
used to pay for cost of administration
affirmed power of writs of assistance
courts in colonies without jury of peers
more enforcement of the navigation acts

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Coercive/ intolerable acts

Set of 4 acts that angered colonists

March-May 1774

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Boston port act

Closes Boston harbor until they pay for the Boston tea party

An act for the impartial administration of justice

British officials and soldiers cannot be tried in America

New quartering act

Any public building can be used to house troops

Massachusetts government act

All government in Massachusetts is suspended

Quebec act

Expands territory
appointed officials and counsel (no assemblies)
official church (Catholic)
Colonists fear that this will become the model for America

Peace of Paris

September, 1783

recognition of American independence
Spain gets Florida and retains land west of the Mississippi
American fishing rights for Newfoundland and NS
All debts revalidated
“earnest recommendation” to give land back to loyalists- doesn’t happen
all British troops depart

Declaration of independence

Jefferson, Franklin, John Adams, R. Livingston, R. Sherman

Jefferson wrote most of it

Articles of Confederation

Accepted in 1781
first federal agreement/law
makes federal government very weak
no right to tax, only states could
no mechanism for enforcement
equal representation by state, not by population

Territorial ordinance

1784, proposed by Jefferson
Any territory with a population equal to the smallest state (Rhode Island) can become a state
10 territories qualify

Land Ordinance

1785, proposed by Jefferson land surveys and sales outlined a specific way for splitting up and selling land in the territories

Northwest ordinance

Makes it more complicated to become a state Only 5 territories qualify no slavery in any of the new northwest states

Constitution

Created a stronger central government than the AOC protect from the tyranny of the majority (esp. religion) representation by state and by population

Constitutional amendments

Must have a 2/3 approval in congress and ratified by 3/4 of the states

Bill of rights

first 10 constitutional amendments Sam Adams needed in order to support the constitution prompted more states to ratify the constitution

Whiskey tax

1791 affected people in outer parts of America more Easier and cheaper to produce liquor than transport their crops

Pickney's treaty

Spain 1795 Gives America access to Mississippi and New Orleans establishes and more southern boarder for Florida

Land act

1796 Doubles base price of western land ($2 per acre) can only be sold in complete sections (640 acres) aimed at keeping people in the east changes after the change in administration

Alien and sedition acts

4 pieces of legislation Against democratic/republicans Many people argue that they are unconstitutional

Naturalization act

you need to be in America for 14 years before you can become a citizen (previously 5 years)

Alien act

allows the president to order and alien out of the country

Alien enemies act

aliens can be arrested without cause during times of war

Sedition act

illegal for aliens to speak out against the government and president or to hold assemblies

Revenue act

1798 taxes on houses, property, and slaves many states already taxed these

Embargo act

``` non-intercourse no trading with any other countries trying to get England to remove the blockade many people are unhappy about this causes economy to struggle ```