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Antomy Muscles Of Lower Limb > Leg (Posterior) > Flashcards

Leg (Posterior) Flashcards

1
Q

Name muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

A

superficial
1. Gastrocnemius
2. Plantaris
3. Soleus
Deep
4. Popliteus
5. Flexor digitorum longus
6. Flexor hallucis longus
7. Tibialis posterior

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2
Q

Difference of muscles of posterior and muscles of anterior compartment of leg?

A

anterior

  1. Tibialis anterior
  2. Extensor digitorum longus
  3. Extensor hallucis longus
  4. Peroneus/fibularis tertius

Posterior

Deep
1. Flexor digitorum longus
2. Flexor hallucis longus
3. Tibialis posterior
4. Popliteus

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3
Q

Common action of muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

A
  1. Plantar flexion
  2. Flexion of digits
  3. Inversion
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4
Q

Name 2 muscles of posterior compartment of leg that can also flex the knee joint?

A
  1. Gastrocnemius
  2. Plantaris
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5
Q

Muscles of anterior and posterior compartment of leg ________ the foot and muscles of lateral compartment of leg ______ the foot?

A
  1. Invert
  2. Evert
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6
Q

Sciatic nerve splits at the popliteal fossa into:

A
  1. Tibial nerve - muscles of posterior compartment of leg
  2. Common peroneal (fibular) nerve - muscles of anterior (deep branch) and lateral (superficial branch) compartment of leg
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7
Q

muscles of posterior compartment of leg are innervated by?

A

Tibial branch of sciatic nerve

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8
Q

How many heads of gastrocnemius?

A

Two heads:
Medial head
Lateral head

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9
Q

Origin and insertion of gastrocnemius?

A

origin
Medial and lateral condyles of femur

Insertion
Into calcaneum via Achilles tendon

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10
Q

The most superficial muscle of the muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

A

Gastrocnemius

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11
Q

Origin and insertion of plantaris?

A

origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur

Insertion
Calcaneum

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12
Q

Plantaris has a very long tendon and lies on _____ head of gastrocnemius?

A

Medial

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13
Q

The muscle which lies underneath plantaris and gastrocnemius?

A

Soleus

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14
Q

muscles of posterior compartment of leg which originate from femur?

A
  1. Gastrocnemius
    Medial and lateral condyles of femur
  2. Plantaris
    Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
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15
Q

Origin and insertion of soleus?

A

origin
Shaft of the tibia and fibula

Insertion
Into calcaneum via Achilles tendon

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16
Q

Which muscle provides the main propulsive force in walking and running?

A

Soleus

17
Q

The superficial group of muscles of posterior compartment of leg have a common insertion on?

A

Calcaneum

18
Q

Most superior of the deep muscles of the muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

A

Popliteus

19
Q

Origin and insertion of popliteus?

A

origin
Lateral condyle of femur

Insertion
Shaft of tibia

20
Q

Action of popliteus?

A

-Flexes the leg at knee joint
- unlocks the knee joint by laterally rotating the femur on tibia

21
Q

Position of deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

A
  1. Popliteus - superior
  2. Flexor digitorum longus - medial
  3. Flexor hallucis longus - lateral
  4. Tibialis posterior - in between
22
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor hallucis longus?

A

origin
Shaft of fibula

Insertion
Base of distal phalanx of big toe

23
Q

Flexor hallucis longus passes through which groove? And passes under what part of calcaneum?

A

-Groove on talus
-under shelf-like sustentaculum talus

24
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor digitorum longus?

A

origin
Shaft of tibia

Inserts
Base of the distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

25
Q

Origin and insertion of tibialis posterior?

A

origin
Shafts of tibia and fibula and Interosseous membrane

Insertion
Tuberosity of navicular and other neighbouring bones

26
Q

How many bursae associated with calcaneal tendon to reduce friction?

A

2:

  1. Subcutaneous calcaneal bursa
    Between skin and calcaneal tendon
  2. Deep bursa of calcaneal tendon
    Between the tendon and calcaneus
27
Q

The calf shape of leg is because of which muscle?

A

Gastrocnemius

28
Q

Which muscles of posterior compartment of leg is absent in 10% of population?

A

Plantaris

29
Q

The only deep muscle of the muscles of posterior compartment of leg that acts only on knee joint?

A

Popliteus

The other 3 act on ankle and foot

30
Q

Which muscle forms base of popliteal fossa?

A

Popliteus

31
Q

Flexor digitorum longus lies _____ and flexor hallucis longus lies ______?

A
  1. Medially
  2. Laterally
32
Q

In which direction does the femur move (relative to tibia) to unlock the knee?

A

Lateral rotation

Antomy Muscles Of Lower Limb (8 decks)

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