Leg (Posterior) Flashcards
Name muscles of posterior compartment of leg?
superficial
1. Gastrocnemius
2. Plantaris
3. Soleus
Deep
4. Popliteus
5. Flexor digitorum longus
6. Flexor hallucis longus
7. Tibialis posterior
Difference of muscles of posterior and muscles of anterior compartment of leg?
anterior
- Tibialis anterior
- Extensor digitorum longus
- Extensor hallucis longus
- Peroneus/fibularis tertius
Posterior
Deep
1. Flexor digitorum longus
2. Flexor hallucis longus
3. Tibialis posterior
4. Popliteus
Common action of muscles of posterior compartment of leg?
- Plantar flexion
- Flexion of digits
- Inversion
Name 2 muscles of posterior compartment of leg that can also flex the knee joint?
- Gastrocnemius
- Plantaris
Muscles of anterior and posterior compartment of leg ________ the foot and muscles of lateral compartment of leg ______ the foot?
- Invert
- Evert
Sciatic nerve splits at the popliteal fossa into:
- Tibial nerve - muscles of posterior compartment of leg
- Common peroneal (fibular) nerve - muscles of anterior (deep branch) and lateral (superficial branch) compartment of leg
muscles of posterior compartment of leg are innervated by?
Tibial branch of sciatic nerve
How many heads of gastrocnemius?
Two heads:
Medial head
Lateral head
Origin and insertion of gastrocnemius?
origin
Medial and lateral condyles of femur
Insertion
Into calcaneum via Achilles tendon
The most superficial muscle of the muscles of posterior compartment of leg?
Gastrocnemius
Origin and insertion of plantaris?
origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
Insertion
Calcaneum
Plantaris has a very long tendon and lies on _____ head of gastrocnemius?
Medial
The muscle which lies underneath plantaris and gastrocnemius?
Soleus
muscles of posterior compartment of leg which originate from femur?
-
Gastrocnemius
Medial and lateral condyles of femur -
Plantaris
Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
Origin and insertion of soleus?
origin
Shaft of the tibia and fibula
Insertion
Into calcaneum via Achilles tendon
Which muscle provides the main propulsive force in walking and running?
Soleus
The superficial group of muscles of posterior compartment of leg have a common insertion on?
Calcaneum
Most superior of the deep muscles of the muscles of posterior compartment of leg?
Popliteus
Origin and insertion of popliteus?
origin
Lateral condyle of femur
Insertion
Shaft of tibia
Action of popliteus?
-Flexes the leg at knee joint
- unlocks the knee joint by laterally rotating the femur on tibia
Position of deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg?
- Popliteus - superior
- Flexor digitorum longus - medial
- Flexor hallucis longus - lateral
- Tibialis posterior - in between
Origin and insertion of flexor hallucis longus?
origin
Shaft of fibula
Insertion
Base of distal phalanx of big toe
Flexor hallucis longus passes through which groove? And passes under what part of calcaneum?
-Groove on talus
-under shelf-like sustentaculum talus
Origin and insertion of flexor digitorum longus?
origin
Shaft of tibia
Inserts
Base of the distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
Origin and insertion of tibialis posterior?
origin
Shafts of tibia and fibula and Interosseous membrane
Insertion
Tuberosity of navicular and other neighbouring bones
How many bursae associated with calcaneal tendon to reduce friction?
2:
-
Subcutaneous calcaneal bursa
Between skin and calcaneal tendon -
Deep bursa of calcaneal tendon
Between the tendon and calcaneus
The calf shape of leg is because of which muscle?
Gastrocnemius
Which muscles of posterior compartment of leg is absent in 10% of population?
Plantaris
The only deep muscle of the muscles of posterior compartment of leg that acts only on knee joint?
Popliteus
The other 3 act on ankle and foot
Which muscle forms base of popliteal fossa?
Popliteus
Flexor digitorum longus lies _____ and flexor hallucis longus lies ______?
- Medially
- Laterally
In which direction does the femur move (relative to tibia) to unlock the knee?
Lateral rotation
