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Anatomy unit 3 > Leg > Flashcards

Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What is the knee capsule opening into posteriorly

A

Opens posteriorly to lateral condyle of tibia for popliteus m

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2
Q

What is the anterior knee capsule fusing with

A

Capsule fuses with quadriceps tendon, patella, and patalla ligament

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3
Q

Which knee ligament strengthens the joint anteriorly

A

The Patellar ligament

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4
Q

Where does the patellar ligament strengthen the knee joint

A

anteriorly

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5
Q

Where does the LCL strengthen the knee joint

A

Prevents hyper-aDDuction of leg, sits on lateral side (strong, cord-like)

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6
Q

Where does the MCL strengthen the knee joint

A

prevents hyper-aBDuction (Strong, flat)

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7
Q

Where does the MCL attach

A

tibia and medial meniscus

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8
Q

What reinforces the knee capsule posteriorly

A

Oblique popliteal ligament

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9
Q

What ligament strengthens the capsule posteriolaterally

A

Arcuate popliteal ligament

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10
Q

What are the ALCs attachments

A

Proximal: Intercondylar fossa (lateral wall)
Distal: Anterior to intercondylar eminence on tibia

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11
Q

What does the ACL stabilize and which direction does it prevent translation on

A

Main stabilizer in extension
Prevents anterior translation (Stops the movement of the tiba going forward)

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12
Q

Is ACL or PCL stronger

A

PCL is bigger and stronger

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13
Q

Attachments of PCL

A

Proximal: Medial wall of intercondylar fossa
Distal: Posterior to intercondylar eminance

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14
Q

What does the PCL do

A

Prevent posterior translation of tibia
Main stabilizer in flexion

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15
Q

Is the PCL or ACL the main stabilizer in Flexion

A

PCL

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16
Q

Is the ACL or PCL the main stabilizer in extension

A

ACL

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17
Q

What are the function of the Menisci

A

Improve stability, shock absorbtion

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18
Q

Compare the Medial and Lateral meniscui shapes

A

Lateral: Circular
Medial: C-shaped

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19
Q

Most common MOI of ACL tear

A

Non-contact, food fixed, femur keeps going forward (Jump, stop, plant, move).

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20
Q

PCL MOI commonly

A

Land on tibial tuberosity with flexed knee ( mostly contact injury)

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21
Q

Meniscus tear MOI

A

Compression and rotation, usually tear medial meniscus, commonly seen with MCL injury

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22
Q

Peroneus longus AIOI

A

O: Head and lateral fibula
I: Base of 1st metatarsal, (Big toe), Medial cuneiform
A: Everts the foot
Inn: Superficial peroneal nerves

23
Q

Peroneus Brevis AIOI

A

O: Inferior lateral fibula
I: Tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal (little toe)
A: Everts the foot
Inn: Superficial peroneal nerve

24
Q

Which bursae are in connection with the fluid/synovial cavity of the knee joint?

A

Suprapatellar, gastrocnemius, semimembranousus, popliteus

25
Q

What creates the genicular anastomosis

A

Profunda, femoral a, popliteal genicular arteries (Superior, inferior, medial, lateral)

26
Q

What innervates the knee joint

A

femoral, tibial, common fibular n

27
Q

PCL tear most common MOI

A

contact- fall forward on knee that’s flexed

28
Q

What is the “unhappy triad”

A

Meniscal tear, ACL, MCL injury

29
Q

Tibialis Anterior AIOI

A

O: Latearl condyle of tibia, superior lateral tibia, interosseous membrane
I: Medial and inferior surface of medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal
A: Dorsiflex ankle (Bring foot up to nose), invert foot (bring inwards)
Inn: Deep peroneal nerve

30
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus AIOI

A

O: Lateral condyle of tibia, superior medial surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
I: Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
A: Extend lateral 4 digits, dorsiflex ankle
Inn: Deep peroneal Nerve

31
Q

Extensor Hallicus longus

A

O: Middle anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
I: Dorsal aspect of distal phalanx of hallux
A: Extend hallux, dorsiflex ankle
Inn: Deep peroneal nerve

32
Q

Peroneus Tertius AIOI

A

O: Inferior anterior fibula and interosseous membrane
I: Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
A: Dorsiflex ankle, eversion of foot.
Inn: Deep peroneal nerve

33
Q

What anchors all of the tendons going to the foot at the base of the ankle

A

Superior Extensor Retinaculum (Anterior tibia to fibula)
Inferior Extensor Retinaculum (Calcaneus–> Medial Malleolus and halluis).

34
Q

What does the Tibial artery run between

A

Lateral and medial malleolus

35
Q

Muscles of dorsum of foot Origin/Insertion/Inn

A

Origin: Superior surface of calcaneus, inferior extensor retinaculum
Extensor hallucis brevis inserts on base of hallux
Extensor Digitorum Brevis inserts on toes 2-4

Innervated by Deep Peroneal nerve

36
Q

Gastrocnemius AIOI

A

O: Medial head: Popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle
Lateral head: Lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
I: Tendocalcaneous
A: Plantarflexes ankle, flex knee
Inn: Tibial nerve

37
Q

Plantaris AIOI

A

O: Lateral supracondylar line of femur
I: Tendocalcaneous
A: Plantarflexion of ankle
Inn: Tibial nerve

38
Q

Soleus AIOI

A

O: Soleal line of tibia
I: Tendinocalcaneous
A: Plantarflexion
Inn: Tibial n

39
Q

Popliteus AIOI

A

O: Pit for popliteus and lateral miniscus
I: Tibialcalcaneous
A: Unlocks knee joint by laterally rotating femur
Inn: Tibial n

40
Q

Tibialis Posterior AIOI

A

O: Posterior surface of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane
I: Navicular tuberosity, medial cuneiform
A: Plantarflex ankle, invert foot
Inn: Tibial n

41
Q

Flexor Digitorum longus AIOI

A

O: Posterior surface of tibia
I: Base of distal phalynx of digits
A: Flex lateral 4 digits, plantarflex ankle
Inn: Tibial n

42
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus AIOI

A

O: Posterior surface of fibula
I: Base of hallux
A: Flex hallux, plantarflex
Inn: Tibial n

43
Q

Medial to Lateral arrangement of Tendons of ankle joint

A

T: Tibialis posterior
D: flexor Digitorum longus
A: Artery (posterior tibial)
V: Vein (posterior tibial)
N: Nerve (tibial)
H: flexor Hallucis longus

(Tom, Dick, and Very Naughty Harry)

44
Q

Where does the flexor retinaculum travel

A

Medial malleolus–> calcaneous

45
Q

The common fibular comes from what and goes to what

A

Comes from sciatic nerve, turns into Superficial fibular n and deep fibular n. Lateral side of the leg.

46
Q

If you have an injury on the lateral side of the leg, what nerve is likely implicated

A

the common fibular nerve (superficial fibular nerve)

47
Q

Where does the deep fibular nerve supply

A

Anterior compartment of leg, supply big toe (hallucis brevis)

48
Q

Popliteal artery gives rise to what

A

Anterior and posterior tibial artery

49
Q

The femoral artery turns in to what at the adductor hiatus

A

Popliteal artery

50
Q

Where does the femoral artery turn into the popliteal artery

A

Adductor hiatus

51
Q

Which artery pierces through the interosseous membrane

A

The anterior tibial artery

52
Q

What does anterior tibial a turn into at the foot

A

dorsalis pedis a

53
Q

What is the anastaomosis in the foot?

A

Anterior tibial–> Dorsalis pedis–> Acruate a–>Lateral tarsal a. Lateral tarsal a. meets with dorsalis pedis a.

54
Q
A

Anatomy unit 3 (7 decks)

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