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Anatomy unit 3 > Leg > Flashcards

Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What is the knee capsule opening into posteriorly

A

Opens posteriorly to lateral condyle of tibia for popliteus m

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2
Q

What is the anterior knee capsule fusing with

A

Capsule fuses with quadriceps tendon, patella, and patalla ligament

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3
Q

Which knee ligament strengthens the joint anteriorly

A

The Patellar ligament

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4
Q

Where does the patellar ligament strengthen the knee joint

A

anteriorly

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5
Q

Where does the LCL strengthen the knee joint

A

Prevents hyper-aDDuction of leg, sits on lateral side (strong, cord-like)

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6
Q

Where does the MCL strengthen the knee joint

A

prevents hyper-aBDuction (Strong, flat)

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7
Q

Where does the MCL attach

A

tibia and medial meniscus

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8
Q

What reinforces the knee capsule posteriorly

A

Oblique popliteal ligament

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9
Q

What ligament strengthens the capsule posteriolaterally

A

Arcuate popliteal ligament

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10
Q

What are the ALCs attachments

A

Proximal: Intercondylar fossa (lateral wall)
Distal: Anterior to intercondylar eminence on tibia

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11
Q

What does the ACL stabilize and which direction does it prevent translation on

A

Main stabilizer in extension
Prevents anterior translation (Stops the movement of the tiba going forward)

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12
Q

Is ACL or PCL stronger

A

PCL is bigger and stronger

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13
Q

Attachments of PCL

A

Proximal: Medial wall of intercondylar fossa
Distal: Posterior to intercondylar eminance

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14
Q

What does the PCL do

A

Prevent posterior translation of tibia
Main stabilizer in flexion

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15
Q

Is the PCL or ACL the main stabilizer in Flexion

A

PCL

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16
Q

Is the ACL or PCL the main stabilizer in extension

A

ACL

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17
Q

What are the function of the Menisci

A

Improve stability, shock absorbtion

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18
Q

Compare the Medial and Lateral meniscui shapes

A

Lateral: Circular
Medial: C-shaped

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19
Q

Most common MOI of ACL tear

A

Non-contact, food fixed, femur keeps going forward (Jump, stop, plant, move).

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20
Q

PCL MOI commonly

A

Land on tibial tuberosity with flexed knee ( mostly contact injury)

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21
Q

Meniscus tear MOI

A

Compression and rotation, usually tear medial meniscus, commonly seen with MCL injury

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22
Q

Peroneus longus AIOI

A

O: Head and lateral fibula
I: Base of 1st metatarsal, (Big toe), Medial cuneiform
A: Everts the foot
Inn: Superficial peroneal nerves

23
Q

Peroneus Brevis AIOI

A

O: Inferior lateral fibula
I: Tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal (little toe)
A: Everts the foot
Inn: Superficial peroneal nerve

24
Q

Which bursae are in connection with the fluid/synovial cavity of the knee joint?

A

Suprapatellar, gastrocnemius, semimembranousus, popliteus

25
What creates the genicular anastomosis
Profunda, femoral a, popliteal genicular arteries (Superior, inferior, medial, lateral)
26
What innervates the knee joint
femoral, tibial, common fibular n
27
PCL tear most common MOI
contact- fall forward on knee that's flexed
28
What is the "unhappy triad"
Meniscal tear, ACL, MCL injury
29
Tibialis Anterior AIOI
O: Latearl condyle of tibia, superior lateral tibia, interosseous membrane I: Medial and inferior surface of medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal A: Dorsiflex ankle (Bring foot up to nose), invert foot (bring inwards) Inn: Deep peroneal nerve
30
Extensor Digitorum Longus AIOI
O: Lateral condyle of tibia, superior medial surface of fibula, interosseous membrane I: Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits A: Extend lateral 4 digits, dorsiflex ankle Inn: Deep peroneal Nerve
31
Extensor Hallicus longus
O: Middle anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane I: Dorsal aspect of distal phalanx of hallux A: Extend hallux, dorsiflex ankle Inn: Deep peroneal nerve
32
Peroneus Tertius AIOI
O: Inferior anterior fibula and interosseous membrane I: Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal A: Dorsiflex ankle, eversion of foot. Inn: Deep peroneal nerve
33
What anchors all of the tendons going to the foot at the base of the ankle
Superior Extensor Retinaculum (Anterior tibia to fibula) Inferior Extensor Retinaculum (Calcaneus--> Medial Malleolus and halluis).
34
What does the Tibial artery run between
Lateral and medial malleolus
35
Muscles of dorsum of foot Origin/Insertion/Inn
Origin: Superior surface of calcaneus, inferior extensor retinaculum Extensor hallucis brevis inserts on base of hallux Extensor Digitorum Brevis inserts on toes 2-4 Innervated by Deep Peroneal nerve
36
Gastrocnemius AIOI
O: Medial head: Popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle Lateral head: Lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur I: Tendocalcaneous A: Plantarflexes ankle, flex knee Inn: Tibial nerve
37
Plantaris AIOI
O: Lateral supracondylar line of femur I: Tendocalcaneous A: Plantarflexion of ankle Inn: Tibial nerve
38
Soleus AIOI
O: Soleal line of tibia I: Tendinocalcaneous A: Plantarflexion Inn: Tibial n
39
Popliteus AIOI
O: Pit for popliteus and lateral miniscus I: Tibialcalcaneous A: Unlocks knee joint by laterally rotating femur Inn: Tibial n
40
Tibialis Posterior AIOI
O: Posterior surface of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane I: Navicular tuberosity, medial cuneiform A: Plantarflex ankle, invert foot Inn: Tibial n
41
Flexor Digitorum longus AIOI
O: Posterior surface of tibia I: Base of distal phalynx of digits A: Flex lateral 4 digits, plantarflex ankle Inn: Tibial n
42
Flexor Hallucis Longus AIOI
O: Posterior surface of fibula I: Base of hallux A: Flex hallux, plantarflex Inn: Tibial n
43
Medial to Lateral arrangement of Tendons of ankle joint
T: Tibialis posterior D: flexor Digitorum longus A: Artery (posterior tibial) V: Vein (posterior tibial) N: Nerve (tibial) H: flexor Hallucis longus (Tom, Dick, and Very Naughty Harry)
44
Where does the flexor retinaculum travel
Medial malleolus--> calcaneous
45
The common fibular comes from what and goes to what
Comes from sciatic nerve, turns into Superficial fibular n and deep fibular n. Lateral side of the leg.
46
If you have an injury on the lateral side of the leg, what nerve is likely implicated
the common fibular nerve (superficial fibular nerve)
47
Where does the deep fibular nerve supply
Anterior compartment of leg, supply big toe (hallucis brevis)
48
Popliteal artery gives rise to what
Anterior and posterior tibial artery
49
The femoral artery turns in to what at the adductor hiatus
Popliteal artery
50
Where does the femoral artery turn into the popliteal artery
Adductor hiatus
51
Which artery pierces through the interosseous membrane
The anterior tibial artery
52
What does anterior tibial a turn into at the foot
dorsalis pedis a
53
What is the anastaomosis in the foot?
Anterior tibial--> Dorsalis pedis--> Acruate a-->Lateral tarsal a. Lateral tarsal a. meets with dorsalis pedis a.
54

Anatomy unit 3 (7 decks)

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