Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh Flashcards
What travels through the greater and lesser sciatic foramen
Greater: Sciatic n (Structures going in and out of pelvis)
Lesser: Pudental n (Structures going in and out of perineum)
Gluteus Maximus OIAI
O: Illium, sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
I: IT tract, Gluteal tuberosity
A: Extend hip, lateral rotation, Assists in standing from sitting
Inn: Inferior Gluteal n.
Gluteus Medius Muscle OIAI
O: Ilium
I: Lateral greater Trocahnter
A: ABduct and medially rotate hip, keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing
Inn: Superior Gluteal n.
Gluteus Minimus Muscle AIOI
O: Ilium
I: Anterior Greater Trochanter
A:Abduct and medially rotate hip, keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing
Inn: Superior Gluteal n.
What nerve is damaged when Trendelenburg’s sign occurs
Superior Gluteal n is damaged
- Gluteus minimus and medius are paralyzed.
Tensor Fasciae Latae Muscle AIOI
O: ASIS and iliac crest
I: IT band, lateral condyle of tibia
A: Abduct, medially rotate, flex thigh
Inn: Superior Gluteal n
Periformis m. AIOI
O: Sacrum and Sacrotuberous ligament
I: Greater Trochanter
A: Laterally rotate, extend hip, abduct flexed hip
Inn: S1 and S2
Obturator internus m
O: Obturator membrane
I: Medial Greater Trochanter
A: Laterally rotate extended hip, abduct flexed hip
Inn: Obturator internus
Superior and inferior Gemelli muscles AIOI
O: Superior: Ischial spine. Inferior: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial Greater Trochanter
A: Laterally rotate and extend hip, abduct flexed hip
Inn: Superior: obtrator internus, Inferior: quadratus femoris
Quadratus Femoris M AIOI
O: Lateral ischial tuberosity
I: Quadrate tubercle (intertrochanteric crest)
A: Laterally rotate hip
Inn: Quadratus femoris
Which ligament prevents hyperextension of the hip joint
Iliofemoral ligament- anterior support (strongest)
Which Hip joint ligament is the strongest
Iliofemoral ligament- prevents hyperextension, strong anterior support.
Which ligament prevents hyperabduction of the hip joint
Pubofemoral ligament- Inferior support
Which ligament provides inferior support of the hip joint
Pubofemoral ligament
Which ligament prevents hyperflexion of the hip joint
Ischiofemoral ligament - posterior support- weakest
Which hip joint ligament is the weakest
Ischiofemoral ligament - prevents posterior dislocation (does so poorly)
What is the most common type of hip dislocation and why
Posterior dislocation, because the ischiofemoral ligament that prevents posterior dislocation is the weakest hip joint ligament
Semitendinous Muscle AIOI
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial superior tibia
A: Extend hip, flex knee, medially rotate when flexed
Inn: Tibial division of Sciatic n
Semimembranous muscle OIAI
O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Posterior medial tibia
A: Extend hip, flex knee, medially rotate hip when flexed
Inn: Tibial division of sciatic n
Biceps Femoris muscle OIAI
O: Long head- ischial tuberosity; short head- Linea aspera and supracondylar line
I: Lateral side of head of fibula
A: Flex knee, rotate laterally when flexed, long head extends hip
Inn: Long head- Tibial division of sciatic. Short head- fibular division of sciatic n
What does the Sciatic n branch into
Tibial nerve (gives off medial sural cutaneous n)
Common fibular n ( Gives off lateral sural cutaneous n)
What pierces through the popliteal fossa roof
sural n
short saphenous v
What are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa
Superior: Hamstrings
Inferior: Medial and Lateral heads of gastrocnemius
What are the contents of the popliteal fossa
popliteal artery
popliteal v
Terminal branches of sciatic n (Tibial n, common peroneal n)
