Leg

Question 1

Explain the organization of the crural fascia its thickening, the extensor retinaculum

Answer 1

Anterior: anterior fibular border separating anterior and lateral
Posterior: posterior fibular border separating lateral and posterior
Transverse: separates superficial and deep posterior compartment muscles

Question 2

Name the attachments of the retinacula of the lower extremity.

Answer 2

Superior ER: distal tibia to distal fibula
Inferior ER: calcaneus to navicular and medial malleolus
Superior FR: lateral malleolus to calcaneus
Inferior FR: inferior ER to calcaneus
Flexor Retinaculum: medial malleolus to calcaneus, forms tarsal tunnel

Question 3

Describe the fascial compartments of the leg and list their contents, general actions, innervation, and blood supply.

Answer 3

Anterior:

• tibialis anterior m
• extensor hallucis long m
• extensor digitorum longus m
• fibularis tertius m
• deep fibular n.
• anterior tibial a.

Lateral/transverse

• fibularis longus
• fibularis brevis
• superficial fibular n.
• fibular a.

Posterior:

• Superficial: gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
• Deep: popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior
• tibial n.
• posterior tibial a

Question 4

Name the axon functions found in the peripheral nerves of the leg.

Answer 4

Posterior cutaneous n of thigh and perforating cutaneous n.

- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic

Question 5

Identify the segmental innervation of the skin of the leg using a dermatome map.

Answer 5

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Question 6

Describe the path taken by and the location of muscular branch origin of the tibial and common fibular nerves in the leg.

Answer 6

Tibial:

• semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris (long head), and adductor magnus
• joins with poplital a & v and continues w/posterior tibial a

Common Fibular:
- deep to proximal fibularis longus, curves lateral to neck of fibula

Origin: sciatic n.

Question 7

Trace a single red blood cell from the abdominal aorta to the leg by naming every vessel the cell passes through.

Answer 7

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Question 8

Trace a single red blood cell from the leg back to the right atrium of the heart by naming every vessel the cell passes through.

Answer 8

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Question 9

Describe the territory and path of drainage for lymph node groups of the leg.

Answer 9

Popliteal or superficial inguinal to the deep inguinal (in the LE)
Popliteal drains the knee and deep tissues of the leg & foot
Superficial inguinal drains superficial structures inferior to the belly button except the anus and glans of the clitoris or penis
Deep inguinal: drain deep tissues of thigh and popliteal and superficial inguinal nodes

Question 10

Identify the ligaments that are closely applied to joint capsules (thickening of joint capsules).

Answer 10

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