Foot & Ankle

Question 1

Describe the layers of the muscles of the foot and list their contents.

Answer 1

1st:
- flexor digitorum brevis
- abductor hallucis
- abductor digit minimi
2nd:
- quadratus plantae
- lumbricals (4)
3rd:
- adductor hallucis
- flexor hallucis brevis
- flexor digiti minimi brevis
4th:
- plantar interossei (3)
- dorsal interossei (4)
Dorsal:
- extensor hallucis brevis
- extensor digitorum brevis

Question 2

Name the relative position of the tendons that pass posterior to the medial malleolus.

Answer 2

Tom, dick, and very nervous harry
Tibialis Anterior
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Hallucis Longus

Question 3

Name the axon functions found in the peripheral nerves of the foot and ankle

Answer 3

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Question 4

Identify the segmental innervation of the skin of the foot and ankle using a dermatome map.

Answer 4

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Question 5

Describe the path taken by and the location of muscular branch origin of the tibial nerve in the foot.

Answer 5

Tibial n: gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus

Question 6

Trace a single red blood cell from the abdominal aorta to the toes by naming every vessel the cell passes through.

Answer 6

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Question 7

Trace a single red blood cell from the toes back to the R atrium by naming every vessel the cell passes through.

Answer 7

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Question 8

Describe the territory and path of drainage for lymph node groups of the foot and ankle.

Answer 8

Popliteal node drains the foot and ankle

Question 9

Describe the locations where one would take the medial malleolar and dorsalis pedis pulses.

Answer 9

Dorsalis Pedis: posterior to the medial malleolus

Question 10

Name the primary motions that occur at the joints of the foot and ankle.

Answer 10

Distal talofibular: syndemosis
Talocrural: hinge
Subtalar: plane
Tarsometatrarsal: plane
Metatarsophalangeal: ellipsoidal
Interphalangeal: hinge

Question 11

Identify the ligaments that are closely applied to joint capsules and motions restricted.

Answer 11

Talocrural Fibrous Capsule: tibia and melleoli to trochlear surface of talus
Medial Collateral (Deltoid): stabilize joint and resists forced eversion
Lateral: stabilize joint and resist forced inversion
- PTFL
- CFL
- LTFL
- ATFL
Long Plantar: calcaneus and cuboid to metatarsal (plantar aspect)
Plantar Calcaneocuboid: calcaneus to cuboid (plantar aspect)
Plantar Calcaneonavicular: supports medial longitudinal arch

Question 12

Name the synovial joint classification for the joints at the foot and ankle.

Answer 12

Distal talofibular: syndemosis
Talocrural: hinge
Subtalar: plane
Tarsometatrarsal: plane
Metatarsophalangeal: ellipsoidal
Interphalangeal: hinge

Question 13

Describe the arrangement of the tarsal bones.

Answer 13

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