Leftover Terms Flashcards
Free labor
Wage paying rather than Slave labor
A part of reforms in Atlantic world
In response restrictive mercantilist system
Nation state
Cane about after North America and France blossomed into republics
Encouraged Caribbean, central & South America to create nation states
A sovereign state whose citizens share the same lingo, culture and history
Free trade
Domestic and international trade free of tariff, barriers, quotas and feed
Free markets
Unregulated markets
Republican gov.
Gov in which power & rule rest w/ represent. Of the people not a king
Created during constitutional convention in philly
Happened after U.S gained its independence
Democracy
Idea that people in a nation should choose their own representatives and be governed by them
Occurred in 13 of Britain’s North American colonies and France
In both places the nation and the people topped their former rulers
East India company
Lasted from 1600-1858
British charter company created to outperform port&spain traders in the Far East
Because ruler of large part of India in the 18th century
Popular sovereignty
Power residing in the people themselves
Reforms in Atlantic world
Argues that unregulated economies would produce faster economic growth
Felt that the mercantilist system prevented them from sharing the new wealth and power
Social contract
Drawn from British philosopher john Locke
It’s the idea that the law should bind both ruler and people
Wrote that the people had the right to revel against their government if it broke the contract and infringed on their rights
Natural selection
Darwins theory articulated in his origin of species
Process where forms of life having traits that better enable them to adapt to specific environ. Pressures
Like predators/climate change
Will tend to survive & reproduce more than others of their kind
Steel
Became essential 4 industries like shipbuilding & railways
Was celebrated through construction of Eiffel Tower
The world output of steel shot up from half a mil tons in 1870 to 25 mil tons in 1900
Raj
“Rule”
After replacing east India comp. rule by crown gov. In 1858, Britain set out to make India into a more secure and productive colony
The most urgent task was modernizing Indias transportation.
Manifest destiny
Maintained that it was gods will for the U.S to overspreading North Americans pushed their boundaries westward
Acquired territories and made treaties w/ France Spain & Britain via warfare
Popular culture
Deliverance of affordable & accessible forms of art & entertain to “the masses”
Newspaper became popular form
In the US immigrated were avid readers some in English others in foreign languages
Shanghai school
Style of Chinese set present in the late 19th century in shanghai
Classically trained painters appropriated western technical novelties into their artistic practice
Ren Xiong, self portrait
Allied powers
Given to the alliance between Britain France Russia and Italy
Fought against Germany Austria-Hungary in world war 1
In world war 2 name was used for alliance between Britain France and America who fought against Germany Italy and Japan
Central powers
Defined in world war 1 as Germany Austria-hungry
Fought against allied powers
League of Nations
Organization founded after world war 1
Sought to solve international disputes trough arbitration
It was dissolved in 1946 and its assets transferred to the United Nations
Mass consumption
Increased purchasing power in the early 20th century middle class societies Stemmed from mass production
Mass culture
Distinctive form of pop culture arose in the wake of world war 1
Reflected the taste of the working and the middle classes
Who relied on new technologies like film and radio which could reach an entire Nations population and consolidate their sense of being a single state
Mass production
System in which factories were set up to produce huge quantities of identical products
Reflects the 20th century’s worlds demand for greater volume
Faster speed
Reduced cost
And standardized output
New deal
Pres. frank Roosevelt package of gov reforms
Enacted during the 1930s
Provided jobs for unemployed social welfare programs for the poor and security to the financial markets
Non violent resistance
Also known as satyagraha
Moral and political philosophy of resistance
Developed by Indian national congress leader mohandas Gandhi
Gandhi believes that if Indians pursued self reliance and self control in a non violent way, the British would enventually have to leave
