Leftover Terms

Question 1

Free labor

Answer 1

Wage paying rather than Slave labor
A part of reforms in Atlantic world
In response restrictive mercantilist system

Question 2

Nation state

Answer 2

Cane about after North America and France blossomed into republics
Encouraged Caribbean, central & South America to create nation states
A sovereign state whose citizens share the same lingo, culture and history

Question 3

Free trade

Answer 3

Domestic and international trade free of tariff, barriers, quotas and feed

Question 4

Free markets

Answer 4

Unregulated markets

Question 5

Republican gov.

Answer 5

Gov in which power & rule rest w/ represent. Of the people not a king
Created during constitutional convention in philly
Happened after U.S gained its independence

Question 6

Democracy

Answer 6

Idea that people in a nation should choose their own representatives and be governed by them
Occurred in 13 of Britain’s North American colonies and France
In both places the nation and the people topped their former rulers

Question 7

East India company

Answer 7

Lasted from 1600-1858
British charter company created to outperform port&spain traders in the Far East
Because ruler of large part of India in the 18th century

Question 8

Popular sovereignty

Answer 8

Power residing in the people themselves
Reforms in Atlantic world
Argues that unregulated economies would produce faster economic growth
Felt that the mercantilist system prevented them from sharing the new wealth and power

Question 9

Social contract

Answer 9

Drawn from British philosopher john Locke
It’s the idea that the law should bind both ruler and people
Wrote that the people had the right to revel against their government if it broke the contract and infringed on their rights

Question 10

Natural selection

Answer 10

Darwins theory articulated in his origin of species
Process where forms of life having traits that better enable them to adapt to specific environ. Pressures
Like predators/climate change
Will tend to survive & reproduce more than others of their kind

Question 11

Steel

Answer 11

Became essential 4 industries like shipbuilding & railways
Was celebrated through construction of Eiffel Tower
The world output of steel shot up from half a mil tons in 1870 to 25 mil tons in 1900

Question 12

Raj

Answer 12

“Rule”
After replacing east India comp. rule by crown gov. In 1858, Britain set out to make India into a more secure and productive colony
The most urgent task was modernizing Indias transportation.

Question 13

Manifest destiny

Answer 13

Maintained that it was gods will for the U.S to overspreading North Americans pushed their boundaries westward
Acquired territories and made treaties w/ France Spain & Britain via warfare

Question 14

Popular culture

Answer 14

Deliverance of affordable & accessible forms of art & entertain to “the masses”
Newspaper became popular form
In the US immigrated were avid readers some in English others in foreign languages

Question 15

Shanghai school

Answer 15

Style of Chinese set present in the late 19th century in shanghai
Classically trained painters appropriated western technical novelties into their artistic practice
Ren Xiong, self portrait

Question 16

Allied powers

Answer 16

Given to the alliance between Britain France Russia and Italy
Fought against Germany Austria-Hungary in world war 1
In world war 2 name was used for alliance between Britain France and America who fought against Germany Italy and Japan

Question 17

Central powers

Answer 17

Defined in world war 1 as Germany Austria-hungry

Fought against allied powers

Question 18

League of Nations

Answer 18

Organization founded after world war 1
Sought to solve international disputes trough arbitration
It was dissolved in 1946 and its assets transferred to the United Nations

Question 19

Mass consumption

Answer 19

Increased purchasing power in the early 20th century middle class societies 
Stemmed from mass production

Question 20

Mass culture

Answer 20

Distinctive form of pop culture arose in the wake of world war 1
Reflected the taste of the working and the middle classes
Who relied on new technologies like film and radio which could reach an entire Nations population and consolidate their sense of being a single state

Question 21

Mass production

Answer 21

System in which factories were set up to produce huge quantities of identical products
Reflects the 20th century’s worlds demand for greater volume
Faster speed
Reduced cost
And standardized output

Question 22

New deal

Answer 22

Pres. frank Roosevelt package of gov reforms
Enacted during the 1930s
Provided jobs for unemployed social welfare programs for the poor and security to the financial markets

Question 23

Non violent resistance

Answer 23

Also known as satyagraha
Moral and political philosophy of resistance
Developed by Indian national congress leader mohandas Gandhi
Gandhi believes that if Indians pursued self reliance and self control in a non violent way, the British would enventually have to leave