Leeson 2: Self from the Perspective of Anthropology Flashcards
__________ is the study of the origin and development of human societies and cultures.
Anthropology
What are the five social institutions?
Family, education, religion, government and Economy
_______ - generally regarded as a primary social institution.
Family
It is one of the oldest social institutions on the earth. They
also ‘share certain common concerns’ in their everyday lives.
Family
_______ is the basic unit of society.
Family
such as ‘parenting styles’ and ‘traditions’, further shape one’s identity by fostering self-esteem and confidence or contributing to identity conflicts and challenges.
Family dynamics
Serves as a vital social institution tasked with educating a society’s youth in essential academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms.
Education
__________ shapes identity through knowledge, skills, and exposure to diverse perspectives, influencing beliefs, values, and behaviors.
Education
It fosters personal development, critical thinking, and awareness of self and others, impacting future opportunities and societal contributions.
Education
Functions as a social institution that offers explanations and interpretations for various aspects of life that may seem mysterious.
Religion
________ ‘impacts identity by shaping beliefs, values, and cultural practices.’ It influences social interactions and family dynamics providing a sense of belonging and moral guidance.
Religion
________ also plays a role in shaping behaviors, attitudes, and decision-making processes, contributing significantly to personal identity.
Religion
_____________ is an institution ‘tasked with formulating and enforcing
societal rules’ and ‘managing external relations with other societies.’
Government
What are the three branches of government?
Legislative, executive and judical
What branch can declare laws unconstitutional?
Legislative (makes laws)
To whom do cabinet members report?
Executive (carries out laws)
What branch of government initiates and approves laws?
Judicial (evaluates laws)
The legislative branch of the government is composed of two chambers:
The Senate and the House of Representatives
Members of these chambers are collectively referred to as legislators or lawmakers and are collectively known as Congress.
The Senate and the House of Representatives
In the executive branch, who is responsible for carrying out or enforcing laws?
The president with vice president and cabinet
In the judicial branch, who is responsible for interpreting the laws and applying them to individual cases?
Supreme court and other federal courts
The _________ ‘influences one’s identity by providing
structure, governance, and regulation within society.’
Government
It establishes laws, policies, and institutions that shape social norms, values, and behaviors.
Government
Functions as the ‘institution overseeing the production and distribution of goods and services’, crucial for meeting the needs of individuals across societies.
Economy
The ____________ one’s identity by shaping access to resources, opportunities, and social status. Economic conditions influence education, employment, and lifestyle choices, impacting individuals’ sense of security and self-worth.
Economy affects
is the ‘process’ by which individuals ‘internalize’ the cultural norms, values, beliefs, and behaviors of their own society or community.
Learning A Culture: Enculturation
This ‘process starts early in life’ and continues through interactions with family, peers, educational institutions, and other social institutions.
Learning A Culture: Enculturation
______________ is fundamental to shaping individuals’ identities and socialization, as it provides the foundation for understanding societal expectations, norms, and roles within their cultural context.
Enculturation
Involves the ‘exchange’ and ‘integration of cultural elements between different cultural groups.’
Learning A Culture: Acculturation
It occurs when individuals or groups from one culture ‘come into contact with and adopt elements of another culture’, leading to ‘cultural change and adaptation.’
Learning A Culture: Acculturation
It occurs when individuals or groups from one culture ‘come into contact with and adopt elements of another culture’, leading to ‘cultural change and adaptation.’
Learning A Culture: Acculturation
______________ can be a ‘dynamic and transformative process’ that influences individuals’ identities, social interactions, and cultural landscapes.
Acculturation
Refers to the process by which ‘individuals or groups adopt the cultural norms, values’, and ‘practices of a dominant or host culture’, often at the ‘expense of their own cultural identity.’
Learning A Culture: Assimilation
Typically occurs in contexts where there is ‘pressure or expectation for individuals to conform to the dominant culture’, leading to the loss or suppression of cultural heritage, language, and traditions.
Learning A Culture: Assimilation
_____________ can be a ‘complex and contentious process’, as it raises questions about cultural preservation, identity formation, and social integration.
Assimilation
