Lectures 9-12

Question 1

non australian amphibian orders

Answer 1

urodela, dymnophiona

Question 2

anuran habitat constraints

Answer 2

permanent water, humidity, not too cold bc ectothermy

Question 3

sandhill frogs (myobatrachids)

Answer 3

direct development

Question 4

gastric brooding frogs

Answer 4

swallow then regurgitate when ready

Question 5

burrowing frogs (hylidae)

Answer 5

burrow n make a mucus seal when dry

Question 6

myobatrachids

Answer 6

gondwanan, southern frogs, oft burrowers w metatarsal tubercles, inc coroboree

Question 7

limnodynastidae

Answer 7

gondwanan, ground frogs

Question 8

hylidae

Answer 8

gondwanan, tree frogs, toe pads

Question 9

microhylidae

Answer 9

recent, narrow mouthed, large eggs, terrestrial nests and direct development

Question 10

ranidae

Answer 10

recent, dirsolateral folds, paired vocal sacs

Question 11

climate frog impact

Answer 11

nursery frog on thorntons peak

Question 12

convergent bird evolution

Answer 12

english and aust wren and robin, nut hatch and sitella moving head first down trees

Question 13

songbird evolution

Answer 13

just as aust separated, oldest ones are here

Question 14

major australian bird groups

Answer 14

gondwanan non passerines, corvids, asian passerines, introduced species, migratory seabirds, other seabirds

Question 15

threatened bird groups

Answer 15

land nesting, hollow nesting, and island groups

Question 16

threatening processes for birds

Answer 16

land clearing, fire, habitat fragmentation, introduced predators and competitors, climate change, direct exploitation

Question 17

dasyuromorphia families

Answer 17

dasyuridae, myrmecobiidae, thylacinidae

Question 18

dasyuridae

Answer 18

sminthipsinae - planigales, dunnarts, dasyurinae - quolls, devils, antechinus, phascogale

Question 19

semelparity

Answer 19

antechinus phascogale some quolls, immune supression, sperm storage in epididimus, die from stress ulcers haemoragging, short insect burst

Question 20

peramelomorphia

Answer 20

peramelidae - bandicoots fungus, thylacomidae - bilbies inverts, chaeropodidae - pig foot

Question 21

diprotodonita

Answer 21

macropods, vombatiformes, phalangeriformes