Lectures 1 and 2 Flashcards
Astrocytes
Oxygen and nutrients from capillaries to neurons
Oligodendrocytes
signals move fast but with limited interchange (freeway)
pancake process over axon
cover long distances (ex brain to spinal cord)
microglial cells
tiny
engulf and destroy debris, put it into blood vessels to get taken out
coronal plane
front and back
sagittal plane
left and right
horizontal plane
up and down
anterior v posterior
front v back
medial v lateral
inner v outer
roustral v caudal
toward head v toward tail
dorsal v ventral
back v stomach
phrenology
gall, could feel bumps on head and claimed it was brain pushing out on skull in areas which shows capacity of brain
cluster of neurons in CNS
nucleus
cluster of neurons in PNS
ganglion
central nervous system
spine and brain
peripheral nervous system
cranial nerves, spinal nerves, autonomic nervous system
sympathetic vs parasympathetic
sympathetic (fight or flight)
parasympathetic (rest and digest)
how many cranial nerves
12
spinal nerves
dorsal roots vs ventral roots
dorsal roots
toward back, carry information into spinal cord
ventral roots
toward stomach, carry motor info from spinal cord to muscles
olfactory nerve
smell
optic nerve
vision
what are the three nerves involved in muscles that move the eye
occularmotor, trochlear, abducens
trigeminal nerve
face, sinus, teeth for senses, jaw muscles
vestibular cochlear nerve
inner ear, hearing balance
facial nerve
tongue senses, soft plate, facial muscle, salivary/tear glands
glossopharyngeal nerve
taste and other mouth sensations, throat muscles
vagus nerve
information from internal organs and their muscles
spinal accessory nerve
neck muscles
hypoglossal nerve
tongue muscles
