LectureNote 02 Flashcards
What are the main components of a model in modeling and simulation?
Inputs, Outputs, Parameters, Assumptions.
What are system state variables?
Quantities that describe the current status of a system at a specific point in time and help predict future behavior.
What are some examples of system state variables?
Entities & Attributes, Resources, Lists, Delay.
What is the purpose of state variables in a system?
To provide a comprehensive description of the system’s condition, develop mathematical models, and facilitate simulation.
How are state variables classified?
Descriptive Nature, Independent Variables, Memory of the System.
What is a discrete-event simulation model?
A model where state variable values change only at discrete points in time when events occur.
What is a stochastic simulation?
A simulation that incorporates randomness and probability distributions, such as Monte Carlo simulations.
What is a deterministic simulation?
A simulation where inputs are known and result in a unique set of outputs, such as financial models.
What is the difference between static and dynamic simulation models?
Static models do not depend on time, while dynamic models show how things evolve over time.
What is the difference between discrete and continuous systems?
Discrete systems change state at specific points in time, whereas continuous systems change state continuously over time.
What are key features of discrete-event simulation?
Entities, Relationships, Simulation Executive, Random Number Generator, Results & Statistics.
How is time represented in a simulation model?
Using Time Slicing (fixed intervals) or Next Event scheduling (advancing to the next event).
What are examples of discrete data?
Number of books in a library, football match goals, household size, and gender.
What are characteristics of discrete data?
Countable, fixed intervals, finite or infinite sets, best visualized using bar graphs or pie charts.
What are examples of continuous data?
Time taken to complete a task, weight of an object, temperature in a room.
What are characteristics of continuous data?
Measurable, infinitely divisible, spans a range of values, best represented using line graphs or histograms.
What are everyday examples of modeling in nature?
Planes modeled after birds, trains after snakes, ships after fish, and AI after human brains.
What are some basic tools used for modeling?
Conceptual tools like block diagrams, flowcharts, state diagrams, ER diagrams, and mathematical equations.
What are some mathematical and statistical tools used in modeling?
Linear Programming, Probability and Statistics, Numerical Methods, Matrix Operations.
What are some hardware tools used in simulation?
Computers, input devices (keyboards, sensors), output devices (monitors, printers).
What are some software tools used in simulation?
Python, MATLAB, C++, Java, SIMUL8, Arena, AnyLogic, Excel, CAD software, game engines.
What are specialized tools for modeling in engineering?
ANSYS, MATLAB/Simulink, SolidWorks Simulation.
What are specialized tools for healthcare simulation?
BioGears, AnyLogic Healthcare Library, COPASI.
What are specialized tools for transportation modeling?
PTV Vissim, Arena, Simio.
What are specialized tools for financial and economic modeling?
RiskSolver, MATLAB Financial Toolbox, Simul8 Business Edition.
