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MED 216 V2 > Lecture32: Physiology Of Large Intestine > Flashcards

Lecture32: Physiology Of Large Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

Name 2 functions of the Large Intestine

A

Storage of faecal matter, water and electrolyte absorption and thick mucinous secretions

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2
Q

What does the mucinous secretions contain?

A

K+ and HCO3

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3
Q

What is responsible for driving the Potassium entry into the lumen?

A

Na (sodium)

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4
Q

What are HCO3 ions secreted in exchange for?

A

Cl- ions

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5
Q

What increases intestinal secretions?

A

VIP

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6
Q

What decreases intestinal secretions?

A

Adrenaline and somatostatin

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7
Q

What does excessive loss of K+ lead to?

A

Kypokalemia

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8
Q

What does loss of HCO3 lead to?

A

Acidosis

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9
Q

Where is K+ absorbed?

A

Distal colon

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10
Q

What is sodium absorbed in exchange for?

A

Potassium

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11
Q

What does Aldosterone do?

A

Increases water and sodium reabsorption via synthesis of sodium channels

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12
Q

What do Glucocorticoids do?

A

Stimulate sodium transport via increasing the number of ATPase pumps

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13
Q

What does angiotensin do?

A

Stimulates water and Sodium absorption in the colon

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14
Q

What does Vasopressin do?

A

Decreases water absorption

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15
Q

What do bacteria do?

A

Convert primary bile acids to secondary bile acids

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16
Q

What do anti inflammatory drugs treat and where are they administered?

A

Rectum, to treat ulcerative colitis

17
Q

How do you avoid constipation?

A

Eating foods rich in fiber

18
Q

How does fiber-rich food avoid constipation?

A

They are indigestible thus trigger mechanoreceptors

19
Q

The Circular layer, what is needed to elicit contractions?

A

Acetylcholine

20
Q

What does acetylcholine do?

A

Increase the time of the slow wave oscillations

21
Q

Name 2 reflex controls of the colon?

A

Gastro and colono-colic

22
Q

What is defecation by definition?

A

A reflex to sudden distention of the rectum

23
Q

What 2 reflex take part in the Automatic spinal mechanism of defecation?

A

Both gastro and duodeno-colic

24
Q

What do these 2 reflexes do?

A

They stimulate mass movement of the colon contents into the rectum

MED 216 V2 (12 decks)

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