lecture1.2 Flashcards
Is the site for the disposal of waste materials by
__________and is the oldest form of waste treatment
landfills
burial
Types of lanfill
A. Above- ground
B. Above – and Below – ground landfill
C. Below – ground landfill
must have double
composite___ and a _____ collection
system above and between the liners
liners
leachate
Hazardous waste landfills
Treatment technologies practiced prior to
disposal in landfills must include ____________and ___________ of hazardous and non- hazardous
sludges, soils, slurries, liquids, powders & dust
stabilization and
neutralization
refer to the liquid produced when waste undergo decomposition, and when
water _______ through solid waste
undergoing decomposition;
Leachate
percolate
contaminated liquid that contains
dissolved and suspended materials
Leachate
varies widely in composition on the ______
of the landfill and the ______ that
it contains.
age
type of waste
Advantages of Landfill
C
J
L
Landfill site is a cheap waste disposal
Jobs created for local people
Lots of different types of waste can be
disposed of by landfill in comparison to
other waste disposal methods
Disadvantages of LF
U
D
LS
NR
The landfill site will look ugly
Dangerous gases are given off from
landfill sites that cause local air pollution
and contribute to global warming
Local streams could become polluted
with toxins seeping through the ground
from the landfill site
Once the site has been filled, it might not
be able to be used for redevelopment as
it might be too polluted
Reduction
of weight (~75%) and volume
(~90%) of solid waste
Combustion/ Incineration
Generation of revenues can partially
offset the cost of
incineration
Breaks down some hazardous, non-
metallic organic wastes & destroys
bacteria and viruses.
Combustion/ Incineration
It can be done at the generation site
Combustion/ Incineration
Air discharges can be controlled.
Combustion/ Incineration
Advantages of Incineration
ML
weight reduced to___
no pollution to LS
can be located
Gases are used to generate power.
Minimal land is needed as compared to
other disposal methods
The weight of the waste is reduced to
25% of the initial value.
No risk of polluting local streams and
ground waters as in landfills.
Incineration plants can be located close
to residential areas.
Gases are used to generate power
Disadvantages of IncinerationHigh capital and operating costs
involved
Difficulties in Incineration
Expensive
High capital and operating costs -
involved-➢Technical infrastructure required for
maintaining incineration facilities
Requires skilled labor-Requires highly trained personnel
The chemicals that would be released in the air could be strong pollutants and may destroy ozone layer (major disadvantage)
High energy requirement- High moisture and low energy content
Prohibited Wastes
Hurry , I am In a problem, avoid mess
Hazardous waste
Radioactive waste
Industrial process waste
Infectious (biomedical) waste
Asbestos or sludge
Pesticides or herbicides
Automotive batteries
Motor oil
Effects associated with
disposal of MSW
Health impacts
7
➢Eye problems
➢Respiratory ailments
➢Gastrointestinal ailments
➢Skin lesions
➢Diarrhea
➢Fever
➢Cough & cold
Any waste or combination of wastes that poses a
_______, now or in the future to living
beings and which therefore cannot be handled
or disposed of without special precaution.
substantial danger
Hazardous Waste
Classification of Hazardous Waste
ST-NSS
ST-SS
SS-I-AHW
SS-I-HW
❖Specific type of waste from nonspecific
sources
❖Specific type of waste from specific sources
❖Specific substances identified as acute
hazardous waste
❖Specific substances identified as hazardous waste
Characteristics of hazardous waste
ignitability
corrosivity
reactivity
toxicity
can create fire under certain condition
flash point of
Ignitability
<60 degrees celcius
acids or bases
ph <2
>12.5
if ____ it can corrode steel
Corrosivity
liquid
