Lecture VIII: Examination of the Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Examine external ear for…

A
  • location
  • shape
  • trauma
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2
Q

Examine external ear canal for…

A
  • patency
  • cerumen
  • drainage
  • foreign body
  • avoid hitting bony part
  • Pull up and back to evaluate adult
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3
Q

Eardrum

A
Check for color, perforations, cholesteatoma:
o	Pearly grey – normal
o	Red/bulging – acute otitis media
o	Yellow or Amber – serous otitis media
o	Blue or purple – hemotympanum
o	White plaques - tympanosclerosis
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4
Q

What structures to check?

A
  • external ear
  • external auditory canal
  • eardrum
  • middle ear
  • buccal mucosa, gingiva
  • hard and soft palate
  • tongue
  • uvula
  • nasal mucosa
  • major lymph node chains
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5
Q

Nasal mucosa

A

Look for masses, mucosal abnormalities, characteristics of secretions, airway patency, mucosal congestion, character of mucus

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6
Q

Major Lymph node chains

A
  • preauricular
  • postauricular
  • occipital
  • submandibular
  • submental,
  • anterior and posterior cervical chain
  • supraclavicular
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7
Q

Rule of 80s

A

80% of neck masses in adults are neoplastic

80% in children are infectious or congenital

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8
Q

Weber Test

A

Tuning fork on forehead, nasal bridge, incisor teeth

a) normal-same in both ears
b) unilateral conductive hearing loss-sound heard in impaired ear??
c) unilateral sensorial loss-sound is heard in good ear

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9
Q

Rinne Test

A

Hold on mastoid tip and then just outside auditory canal

a) normal-should be louder by auditory canal because air conduction should be greater than bone conduction
b) Conductive hearing loss-sound heard through bone as long as or longer than through air
c) Sensorial hearing loss-sound heard longer through air just like in normal adults

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