Lecture Two: Movement Analysis Flashcards
Movement is made of?
Task + Environment+ Individual = Movement
Individual
Systems that coordinate movement
- Sensory/perceptual :( body in space)
- Cognitive :(attention, motor planning, problem solving, motivation )
- Motor/action : ( neuromuscular & biomechanical -muscles & joints - degrees of freedom problem)
Individual - Motor: Degrees of Freedom Issue
Synergies, Self-organization, non-linear behavior
Synergies
(muscle/movement combinations) provide stability and flexibility, organize task, provide covariance, stabilize performance
Self Organization
Interaction of elements- whole > sum of components( don’t need specific higher level commands or motor programs; not just top down control)
Non-Linear Behavior
Behavior transforms into new behavior when parameters reaches critical value; Ex: Speed- walking to running
Individual- Motor Action
Alteration in movement is cause by more than neural structure control, it can also be controlled by physical principles
Variability is critical element of optimal function: a sweet spot between too little and too much
- To little variability is rigidity and too much is uncontrolled movement
Adaptive capacity
Task Attributes( Attributes of Task)
What types of task is it
Task Attributes
- Discrete vs. Continuous vs. Serial
- Stability vs Mobility
- Manipulation vs Non-manipulation
Discrete
Task is recognizable beginning and end
Ex: Start is sitting and ending in standing
Continuous
No recognizable beginning and end
Ex: Walking, Running
Serial
Discrete movements perform sequentially
Ex:Sit to stand and then reaching to open the door
Sit to Stand and then walking to the bathroom
Stability
Non-moving base of support
Ex: Standing, sitting
Mobility
Moving base of support
Ex: Dancing
Dual Task/ Multitask
Dual tasking is the concurrent performance of 2 task that can be performed independently, measure separately, and have distinct goals
Variables: Motor and cognitive
Complexity is related to attention demands and number of motor components( low to high)