Lecture review 2 Flashcards
Most common cause of ACS?
- one other?
By far: atherosclerotic plaque rupture with thrombus
other: cocaine abuse→ ↑s sympathetic tone by blocking NE reuptake + enhance catecholamines → vasospasms and ↓ myocardial O2 supply
Most common cause of ACS?
By far: atherosclerotic plaque rupture with thrombus
other: cocaine abuse→ ↑s sympathetic tone by blocking NE reuptake + enhance catecholamines → vasospasms and ↓ myocardial O2 supply
Systemic signs of subsequent catecholamine release
diaphoresis (sweating)
tachycardia
cool/clammy skin
When does Troponin
- begin
- peak
- last until
- begin: 3-4 hours
- peak: 18-36 hours
- last until: up to 10 days
When does CKMB
- begin
- peak
- last until
- begin: 3-4 hours
- peak: 24 hours
- last until: 2-4 days
Anticoagulants
Enoxaparin (LMWH) UF Heparin (long one) Fondaparinux Bivalirudin Thrombolytics
Antiplatelets
Aspirin
Clopidogrel
Prasugrel
Ticagrelor
GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors
Anticoagulants
Enoxaparin (LMWH) UF Heparin (long one) Fondaparinux Bivalirudin Thrombolytics
name their targets
Enoxaparin (LMWH)
DX-9065a
Factor Xa
name their targets
UF Heparin (long one)
Fondaparinux
AT III directly
and thrombin indirectly
Anticoagulants
Enoxaparin (LMWH) UF Heparin (long one) Fondaparinux Bivalirudin Thrombolytics
Antiplatelets
Aspirin
Clopidogrel
Prasugrel
Ticagrelor
GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors
Name their targets
Bivalirudin
Thrombolytics
Bivalirudin: direct thrombin inhib
Thrombolytics: fibrin
Name their targets
Aspirin
Clopidogrel
Prasugrel
Ticagrelor
Aspirin: irreversibly inhibits cox 1 preventing the formation of thromboxane A2.
Clopidogrel
Prasugrel
Ticagrelor
- blocks P2Y12: inhibiting ADP binding
Name their targets
Aspirin
Clopidogrel
Prasugrel
Ticagrelor
Aspirin: irreversibly inhibits cox 1 preventing the formation of thromboxane A2.
Clopidogrel
Prasugrel
Ticagrelor
- all blocks P2Y12: inhibiting ADP binding
Contraindications for Exercise Treadmill Test (ETT):
Unstable angina untreated arrythmias advanced AV block HF acute myocarditis, pericarditis aortic stenosis uncontrolled HTN HOCM acute illness
When is B-Type most helpful?
Actually most helpful when it is normal: good at excluding HF as cause of symptoms
Atherosclerosis is a category under the big group ______
name other categories in that group
Arteriosclerosis
- atherosclerosis
- Monckeberg’s medial calcific sclerosis
- arteriosclerosis of small arteries/arterioles
Aortic dissection primarily occurs in individuals with _____
HTN (>90%) of cases
Known ischemic heart disease syndromes
- angina pectoris (most common)
- MI
- Chronic ischemic HD → congestive HF
- sudden cardiac death
What is the time frame when an infarcted heart is susceptible to rupture?
3-7 days
PARENTERAL anticoagulant agents
Heparin (UF) Enoxaparin (LMWH) Fondaparinux Lepiruden Bivaliruden
ORAL anticoagulant agents
Warfarin
Non-vit K Oral Anticoagulants (NOAC)
Dabigatran
Rivaroxaban
- Parins
- Oxaban:
- ruden:
- grels
- Parins are indirect that act through antithrombin III (ATIII) and inhibit Xa
- Oxaban: direct Xa inhibitors
- ruden: direct Thrombin inhibitors
- grels, you know its an ADP antagonist
