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Univ Chem TH106 1:30-2:20 MTWF > Lecture Notes > Flashcards

Lecture Notes Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of Chemistry

A 
organic- carbon
biochemistry- carbon life
physical- physical
inorganic- everything else
analytical- what and how much
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2
Q

goal of chemistry

A

understand the atoms and molecules that compose them

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3
Q

observe

A

measure, interpret, calculate publish

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4
Q

exact

A

not used in sig figs

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5
Q

inexact

A

used in sig figs

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6
Q

accurate

A

how close a measurement to the true value

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7
Q

precison

A

how close a set of measurements are to each other

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8
Q

add/sbutract

A

least amount of decimal places

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9
Q

matter

A

anything that occupies space and has mass

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10
Q

what isnt matter

A

heat, electricity, and light

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11
Q

types of matter

A

state- physical form,

composition- basic components that make it up

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12
Q

states of solids

A

crystalline

amorphous

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13
Q

ionic compound-

A

metal-nonmetal

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14
Q

covalent compound

A

nonmetal-nonmetal

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15
Q

diatomic molecules

A

H2, O2, N2, I2, Cl2, Br2, F2

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16
Q

Universe

A

helium, hydrogen,

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17
Q

earth’s crust

A

oxygen, silicon, aluminum, hydrogen, calcium, magnesium

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18
Q

body

A

carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen

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19
Q

isotope

A

different # of nuetrons

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20
Q

metal ion

A

cation

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21
Q

nonmetal ion

A

anion

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22
Q

electron level

A 
1 s2
2 s2 
2p6 3s2 
3p6 4s2 
3d10 4p6 5s2
4d10 5p6 6s2 
4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2
5f14 6d10 7p6
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23
Q

matter

A

pure substance or mixture
element or compound and heterogenous or homogenous
compounds ionic or molecular

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24
Q

most oxygen

A

ate

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25
Q

one less oxygen

A

ite

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26
Q

acid

A

ate to ic

ite to ous

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27
Q

classification by atom rearrangement

A

A+B=C- combination
C= A+B- decmposition
X+YZ=Y+XZ- single replacement
AX+BY=AY+BX- double replacement

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28
Q

acid/base

A

salt and H2O

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29
Q

combustion

A

reacts with O2= CO2+H2O

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30
Q

strong acids

A 
HCl
HNO3
H2SO4
HBr
HI
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31
Q

what are bases

A

bitter, feel slippery

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32
Q

strong bases

A

group 1 and 2

and hydroxide

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33
Q

molarity

A

mol/vol (L)

34
Q

dilution equation

A

m1v1=m2v2

35
Q

acid-base equation

A

m(a)v(a)=m(b)v(b)(a/b)

36
Q

oxidization

A

loss of electrons

37
Q

reduction

A

gain of electrons

38
Q

oxidizing agent

A

solid

39
Q

reducing agent

A

aqueous

40
Q

ozone

A

o3

41
Q

physical characteristics of gases

A

gases assume the volume and shape of the container
gases are the most compressible state of matter
gases will mix evenly and completely when confined to the same container
gases have much lower density than liquids and solids

42
Q

gases

A

shape indefinite

volume indefinite

43
Q

1 atm

A

760 mm Hg

44
Q

gas law

A

PV=nRT

45
Q

what releases energy

A

exothermic

46
Q

what absorbs energy

A

endothermic

47
Q

types of energy

A

kinetic- motion

potential- position

48
Q

energy

A

capacity to do work

49
Q

energy=

A

work=force*distance

50
Q

change in energy

A

q+w

51
Q

open sys

A

mass and energy

52
Q

closed

A

energy

53
Q

isolated

A

nothing

54
Q

heat

A

q=mcchange in time

55
Q

-

A

work done by the system on the surroundings

56
Q

+

A

work done on the system by the surroundings

57
Q

+

A

heat absorbed by the system from the surroundings

endothermic

58
Q

-

A

heat absorbed by the surroundings from the system

exothermic

59
Q

-q sys

A

qcal+qcontents

60
Q

101.325 J

A

1 atm*atm

61
Q

qcal

A

Ccal*change in temp

62
Q

qcon

A

mconCchange in temp

63
Q

e

A

h*nu(frequency)

64
Q

nu (frequency)

A

c/lambda(wavelength)

65
Q

e

A

ch/lambda(wavelength)

66
Q

En

A

Rh(1/ni^2-1/nf^2)

67
Q

quantum numbers

A

n- energy level, =1,2,3
l- sublevel, =0, n-1
ml= orientation in space, = 0+-l
ms= spin, = -1/2 or +1/2

68
Q

of orbitals

A

2l+1

energy levle- n^2

69
Q

shpaes of l

A

l=0 spherical
l=1 principal
l=2 dumbbell
l=3 fundamental

70
Q

electron config

A

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10

71
Q

noble gas Arsenic

A

[Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p3

72
Q

shielding and pentration

A

closer shield electrons and harder to get to outer electrons

73
Q

effective nuclear charge

A 
ionize an atom easy or hard
1,2,3 cations
5,6,7 anions
electron affinity (add) 
1,2,3 not taking more electrons
5,6,7 easily take up electrons
ionic radius- cation radi smaller, ano- radi higher
74
Q

Cu +

Cu 2+

A

4s0 3d10

4s0 3d9

75
Q

KE

A

1/2 (mv^2)

76
Q

state function

A

thermodynamic quantity whose value depends only on the state at the moment, i. e., the temperature, pressure, volume

77
Q

En

A

-2.18*10^-18(1/n^2)

78
Q

diamagnetism

A

presence of paired spins

79
Q

paramagnetism

A

prescence of unpaired spins

80
Q

VSEPR

A

valance shell electron pair repulsion

Univ Chem TH106 1:30-2:20 MTWF (7 decks)

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