Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Immunology and Serology > Lecture: Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

Lecture: Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

Exaggerated response to a harmless antigen that results to an injury in the tissue, disease, or even death.

A

Hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Immune System Involved in Type I Hypersensitivity

A

Humoral (IgE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Type I Hypersensitivity has an onset within seconds, gaining its name “”?

A

Immediate Hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The only type of hypersensitivity that is cell-mediated is?

A

Type IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Non-parasite antigens that can stimulate a type I hypersensitivity response; bind to IgE and trigger degranulation of chemical mediators

A

Allergens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Molecular weight of allergens

A

15,000 to 40,000 MW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Enzyme allergen from the fecal pellets of the dust mite

A

Der P1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cytokines involved in differentiation of B cells

A

IL-4 and IL-13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cytokines involved in development of eosinophils

A

IL-5 and IL-9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cytokines involved in development of mast cells

A

IL-4 and IL-9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cytokines involved in stimulating overproduction of mucus

A

IL-4, 9, 7, 13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Term for the genetic trait to have a predisposition for localized anaphylaxis

A

Atopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Atopic individuals have higher levels of IgE and eosinophils. True or False?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

High affinity IgE receptor found on mast cells/basophils/activated eosinophils

A

Fc ε receptors (Fc ε RI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

IgE can attach to Mast cells or basophils by Fc receptor, which increases the life span of the IgE, this process is called?

A

Sensitization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Secondary exposure to allergen; allergen binds IgE and cross-links to activate signal with tyrosine phosphorylation, Ca++ influx, degranulation and release of mediators

A

Effector Stage of Hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mediator responsible for constriction of smooth muscles

A

Histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bronchiole constriction can cause?

A

Wheezing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Constriction of intestine can cause?

A

Cramps/diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mediators formed after activation

A

Secondary Mediators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pre-formed mediators in granules

A

Primary Mediators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Most severe type of allergy, acute reaction that involves multiple
organs.

A

Anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cytokines as Primary Mediators

A

TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Chemoattractants for Neutrophils and Eosinophils

A

NCF-A, ECF-A

25
Q

Th2 cytokines as Secondary Mediators

A

IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, GM-CSF

26
Q

Serum from Kustner who was allergic to fish was injected to Prausnitz

A

Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis

27
Q

Target organ responds to direct contact with allergen

A

Localized Anaphylaxis

28
Q

Systemic vasodilation and smooth muscle contraction leading to
severe bronchiole constriction, edema, and shock

A

Systemic Anaphylaxis

29
Q

Repeated injections of allergen to reduce the IgE on Mast cells and produce IgG

A

Immunotherapy / Desensitization

30
Q

Block histamine receptors

A

Antihistamines

31
Q

In Vivo Tests

A

Direct Skin Testing
Cutaneous and Intradermal

32
Q

Inject a drop of allergen into the skin, after 15 minutes, check
for wheal that is 3 mm higher than the control

A

Cutaneous/Prick Test

33
Q

More concentration of allergen is used; wheal that is 3 mm higher than the control

A

Intradermal

34
Q

Measures total IgE

A

Radioimmunosorbent Test

35
Q

Measures allergen-specific IgE

A

Radioallergosorbent Test

36
Q

Allows multiple allergens diagnosis with a low sample volume

A

Microarray Test

37
Q

Type II Hypersensitivity is also known as?

A

Antibody-mediated cytotoxicity

38
Q

Ab reacts with basement membrane protein → C’ activation → Inflammation → deposition of IgG

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

39
Q

Uses polyspecific AHG (Abs to IgG and C3b and C3d) – monospecific AHG

A

Direct Antiglobulin Test

40
Q

Antigen-antibody immune complexes is involved with what type of hypersensitivity?

A

Type III Hypersensitivity

41
Q

Serum sickness is usually a permanent immune complex disease with removal of antigen source. True or False?

A

False, it is transient

42
Q

If neutrophils and macrophages are unable to phagocytize the
immune complexes these cells will degranulate in the area of
immune complex deposition and trigger inflammation. They are called as?

A

Frustrated Phagocytes

43
Q

Immune complex or frustrated phagocytes deposited in joints causing local inflammation is known as?

A

Arthritis

44
Q

Immune complex or frustrated phagocytes deposited in kidneys

A

Glomerulonephritis

45
Q

Delayed Type Hypersensitivity is known as?

A

Type IV Hypersensitivity

46
Q

Memory Th1 cells against DTH antigens are generated by dendritic cells during the _?

A

Sensitization stage

47
Q

Th1 memory cells are activated and produce
cytokines: _, _ and _ which cause tissue destruction, inflammation

A

IFN-γ, TNF-α, and TNF-β

48
Q

Th1 memory cells are activated and produce
cytokines: _ that activates CTLs

A

IL-2

49
Q

Th1 memory cells are activated and produce
cytokines: _ for macrophage recruitment

A

Chemokines

50
Q

Th1 memory cells are activated and produce
cytokines: _ for increased monocyte/macrophage

A

IL-3, GM-CSF

51
Q

The response to poison oak, poison ivy, poison sumac, is a
classic Type IV

A

Contact Dermatitis

52
Q

Allergic disease of the lung parenchyma; AKA Farmer’s lung, Pigeon Breeder’s disease, Humidifier Lung Disease

A

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

53
Q

Soluble Ag from Mtb induce a reaction in people who have/have had tuberculosis

A

Tuberculin-Type Hypersensitivity

54
Q

Purified filtrate from cell wall of Mtb

A

Tuberculin Skin Test/PPD

55
Q

Gold standard in testing contact dermatitis

A

Patch Test

56
Q

0.1 Ag is injected intradermally using a syringe. Test is read at 48 and 72 hours for the presence of induration

A

Mantoux Method

57
Q

Enzymes as Primary Mediators

A

Tryptase, chymase, cathepsin

58
Q

Anaphylaxis was coined by _ and _ meaning “”?

A

Portier and Ritchet
Without protection

Immunology and Serology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions