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Visceral Diagnosis > lecture final > Flashcards

lecture final Flashcards

1
Q

Blue appearance around the umbilicus

A

Cullen’s sign

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2
Q

What does Cullen’s sign indicate?

A

intra-abdominal hemorrhage

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3
Q

blumberg sign

A

generalized abdominal pain upon manual rebound

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4
Q

What causes portal hypertension?

A

liver cirrhosis

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5
Q

which kind of hepatitis is most likely due to ingestion of contaminated food?

A

Hep A

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6
Q

black tarry stool due to presence of blood, usually due to a peptic ulcer

A

melena

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7
Q

Patient presented with pain in the left lower quadrant, nausea, vomiting, and altered bowel habits. Upon examination rebound tenderness was present in the left lower quadrant. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis:

A

Meckel’s diverticulitis

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8
Q

Rovsing sign indicates

A

appendicitis (think rovsing=refered)

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9
Q

over liver, pain and catch breath, cholecystitis

A

Grey Turner sign

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10
Q

Murphy’s sign indicates

A

nephritis

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11
Q

Zollinger-Ellison tumors

A

secrete a hormone called gastrin that causes the stomach to produce too much acid, which in turn causes peptic ulcers

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12
Q

Sister Mary Joseph nodules

A

suggests malignancy

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13
Q

what do these things have in common

Murphy’s sign
percussion of the upper border of the liver
percussion of the lower border of the liver
Auscultation of the mitral area of the heart

A

Performed at midclavicular line

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14
Q

Patient presented with right shoulder and scapular pain, examination of the shoulder seems to be unrewarding, upon performing physical exam the doctor identified positive Murphy’s sign. What is the most likely origin of the shoulder pain?

A

Cholecystitis

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15
Q

The most common cause of bleeding per rectum is

A

hemorrhoids

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16
Q

small crack which can happen from chronic constipation.

A

Anal Fissure

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17
Q

A 40-year-old flight attendant presents to your office for evaluation of abdominal pain. It is worse after eating, especially if she has a meal that is spicy or high in fat. She has tried over-the-counter antacids, but they have not helped the pain. After examining her abdomen, you strongly suspect a condition that requires which sign on examination

A

The answer says murphie’s sign but I think it should be Grey Turner’s

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18
Q

While palpating the epigastric area you felt pulsations coming from superior to inferior. This patient may be suffering from which of the following?

A

cor-pulmonale

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19
Q

anatomical location is most painful regarding kidney stone

A

Ureter

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20
Q

A 15 year old high school student presents to the clinic with a 1 day history of nausea and anoerxia. He describes the pain as generalized yesterday, but today it has localized to the right lower quadrant. You palpate the left lower quadrant and the patient experiences pain in the right lower quadrant. What is the name of this?

A

Rovsings

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21
Q

Decreased amount of Serum albumin can indicate

A

Liver disease

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22
Q

weakness of the linea alba

A

diastasis recti

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23
Q

Referred pain is categorized under which of the following reflexes

A

viscero-somatic reflex

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24
Q

apex beat is normally located at mid axillary line

A

False

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25
Q

apex beat is formed by left ventricular contraction

A

true

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26
Q

precordial heaving is associated with left ventricular contraction

A

False, right

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27
Q

apex beat is normally located at the ______ left intercostal space

A

5th

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28
Q

A 28 year old man complains of periodic episodes of severe headaches that have occurred nightly for the past two weeks. The pain awakens him two or three hours after he has been asleep and lasts for about one hour the pain is always around the right eye and makes the affect eye water. Pain seems to be aggravated by alcohol intake. He had a similar episodes of headaches about two years ago. What is the clinical impression?

A

Cluster headaches

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29
Q

long term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

-aspirin and ibuprofen

A

Peptic Ulcers

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30
Q

sore on the lining of your stomach or duodenum
espohageal ulcer
imbalance between aggressive factors and mucosal protective mechanisms
etiology

A

Peptic Ulcers

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31
Q

Barry Marshall

A

Discovered the link between peptic ulcers and H. pylori

Nobel Prize in 2005

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32
Q

peptic ulcer prevalence

A

10% world wide

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33
Q

Vagotomy sometimes used for peptic ulcer to combat

A

overactive vagus Nerve

34
Q

part of heart that occupies most of the anterior surface

A

Right ventricle

35
Q

primary cause of cyanosis at birth

A

overriding aorta on both ventricles

36
Q

ventricular septal defect will create cyanosis at birth

A

false

37
Q

The muscle that is implicated in cervicogenic headaches is

A

rectus capitus posterior minor

38
Q

A common migraine patient will see an aura before onset (difference between classic/common)

A

false

39
Q

Angela is a 48 year old female. She is a secretary for bell south, complaining of headaches started three months ago with slow and progressive course. She got worse last month. Head movement, leaning forwards, coughing and sneezing tend to worsen the attacks. Partially relieved with over counter medications. Mostly behind eyes, temporal and occipital areas and associated with visual difficulties. Worse in the morning and sometimes during nighttime. She has a hard time sleeping.
No past history of headaches/trauma/hospitalization/major illness

A

Space Occupying Lesion

Refer patient

40
Q
  • pain upon coughing, sneezing, or straining = space occupying lesion
A

Dejerine’s triad

41
Q

Case: Giovanni is 25 year old male complaining of acute abdominal discomfort for several days. Initial eval. revealed that a tinge of yellowish discoloration in his sclera. Examination reveals tenderness in right upper quadrant. Which of the following…

A

Gastrointestinal system (for the liver)

42
Q

What is the most commoly injured abdominal organ from trauma

A

Spleen

43
Q

Hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

44
Q

Melena

A

Black, Tarry stool due to digested blood

45
Q

Peptic ulcer can cause one or both of these

A

Hematemesis, Melena

46
Q

2 causes of bleeding from the rectum

A

colorectal cancer, peptic ulcer

47
Q

Hepatitis A transmission

A

fecal oral (food)

48
Q

Hepatitis B Transmission

A

Blood

49
Q

What is worse Hep A or B?

A

B

50
Q

Which Hepatitis has greater levels of post hep Cirrhosis?

A

B

51
Q

Prevention of Hepatitis

A

keep lemon on cerveza, proper hygene, universal precautions

52
Q

Diastases recti (bulging of linea alba) may suggest weak abdominal muscles

A

true

53
Q

The proper protocol for abdominal exam is insepction, palpation, percussion, and auscultation

A

false

54
Q

Caput Medusa is associated with portal hypertension

A

true

55
Q

You are assessing a patient with abdominal pain and fever. You are performing an abdominal examination to assess for peritoneal signs. Which one of the following is NOT a peritoneal sign?

A

Voluntary guarding

56
Q

Acute abdomen condition (possible causes)

A 
appendicitis
cholecystitis
IBS
kidney stone
nephritis
gall stone
diverticulitis
cholitis
pancreatitis
57
Q

pain in left upper quadrant:

A 
ruptured spleen
peptic ulcer
gastritis
myocardial infarcation
pneumonia
rib fracture
pleurisy
cholitis
nephritis
gas
food poisoning
bowel obstruction
58
Q

right lower quadrant

A

appendicitis

ruptured appendix

59
Q

most common congenital heart disease

A

ventricular septal defect

60
Q

cor pulmonale is

A

right ventricular enlargement due to pulmonary pathology

61
Q

structural abnormalities of the chest is usually associated with

A

TB, emphysema

62
Q

clubbing of fingernails occurs due to

A

chronic hypoxia

63
Q

patient with barrel chest, tachypnea, clubbing of fingernails is most likely _____ upon percussion

A

hperresonant

64
Q

OPQRST falls under which major patient history category

A

present problem

65
Q

start at the superior vena cava, a drop of blood will follow the following valvular sequence

A

tricuspid, pulmonic, mitral, aortic

66
Q

constant low-back pain which is unrelieved by position, activity or rest is most likely the result of which of?

A

visceral disease

67
Q

a condition most commonly caused by systemic hypertension

A

Left ventricular hypertrophy

68
Q

apex beat is normally located at

A

midclavicular line

69
Q

tricuspid valve stenosis may lead to?

A

right atrium enlargement

70
Q

fourth heart sound occurs physiologically due to

A

passive blood flow from the atria to the ventricles

71
Q

positive egophony, brochophony and whispered pectoriloquy during auscultation of the lung indicate

A

lung consolidation

72
Q

periphery of lung during auscultation of an asthmatic patient is

A

generalized wheezing

73
Q

difference between myocardial infarcation and angina pectoris, based on

A

duration of the pain

74
Q

rectus capitus posterior minor

A

cervicogenic headaches

75
Q

sinister headaches are caused by

A

subdural hematoma

76
Q

one portion bleach to nine water is sufficient to remove anything infectious from a table (like with HIV)

A

(oYo)

77
Q

should spread them out throughout the day (at breakfast/lunch/dinner

A

antioxidants

78
Q

Sugar/fat are particularly bad for

A

GH

79
Q

black beans and white meat chicken have these

A

secretagogues

80
Q

secretagogues

A

amino acids which increase production of human growth hormone
need weight lifting for human growth hormone (needs to be enough weight to make 7th rep very difficult)

81
Q

arginine, ornithine, lysine, and glutamine

A

secretagogues

Visceral Diagnosis (3 decks)

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