Lecture B Flashcards
What are the layers of the nasal cavity called?
3 Conchae
What are the 3 conchae called?
Anterior, Medial, Posterior
What is the anterior conchae made up of?
Squamous epithelium
What is the medial conchae made up of?
Ciliated columnar epithelium
What is the posterior conchae made up of?
Olfactory membrane
What glands are present in the nasal cavity?
Mucosal & Nasal
What extras are found in the nasal cavity?
Oropharynx, Choanal opening, Rima glottis (Opening to larynx)
What is a birds trachea made up of?
Cartilaginous rings, Muco-Ciliary, Secreting glands
What is the vocal chord in a bird called?
Syrinx
What is the structure of the syrinx?
Caudal end trachea, clavicular air sac
What do birds have that most others don’t?
Air sacs
Lung structure in birds?
Parabronchi, Air capillaries, Air sacs
What are the parabronchi?
Tiny tubes air passes
What don’t the air sacs do?
Air diffusion
What are the 6 transport functions in birds circulatory system?
Respiratory gases, Nutrients, Waste products, Hormones, Circulate antibodies, Enzymes
Maintenance of homeostasis?
Thermoregulation, Blood pH
Third function circulatory system?
Clotting mechanism
Which animals have a closed circulatory system?
Annelids, Cephalopods, Vertebrates
Main advantages of a closed circulatory system are….
Rapid flow, blood to tissues, high metabolic activity
Cardiovascular system adaptations in birds?
No mixing of blood, exchange maximised
10 parts of the avian reproduction system?
Ovary, Oviduct, Ovum, Fimbriae, Infundibulum, Chalaziferous, Magnum, Isthmus, Shell gland, Vagina, Cloaca
Ovary characteristics?
Pear shaped, 60g mature, Follicles (hierarchy)
Oviduct characteristics?
Whole system, 700mm long, smooth muscle, ANS nerves
What two things come after oviduct?
Ovum, Fimbriae
Infundibulum characteristics?
Engulfs ovum, site fertilisation
Chalaziferous characteristics?
Chords to hold yolk are here, sperm storage
Magnum characteristics?
Albumin secreting regions, longest section
Isthmus characteristics?
Forms shell membrane
Shell gland characteristics?
Pouch like
Vagina characteristics?
Short, muscular layers, contracts with shell gland, expel egg at oviposition, sperm storage
What comes last in reproductive system?
Cloaca
Male reproductive system characteristics?
Two testes, Bean shape, Against backbone, Front of kidneys, Deferent duct (from testes to cloaca), Left larger in mating, Epididymis, Seminiferous tubules, Testes (produce androgen)
Excretory system characteristics?
Two kidneys, 3 lobes, Behind lungs, Renal cortex & medulla, two types nephrons, Mammalian (small no), Reptilian (large no), each ureter, no bladder, high uric acid
(Practical slides) - Male Repro -
Rudimentary phallus, corkscrew
(Practical slides) - Female Repro -
Maturity (18-24 weeks), Yolk (ova & nutrients), Yolk (20 days in follicle), infundibulum doesn’t enclose whole ovaries
