Lecture 9- Valvular and Congenital Defects

Question 1

lubb

Answer 1

first heart sound
0.14 secs
AV valves closed- ventricular systole

Question 2

dupp

Answer 2

second heart sound
0.11 secs
SL valves closed- ventricular diastole

Question 3

third heart sound

Answer 3

occasional

turbulent blood flow into ventricles

Question 4

fourth heart sound

Answer 4

atrial contraction

Question 5

regurgitation

Answer 5

valves don’t seal and blood leaks back

detectable turbulence

Question 6

stenosis

Answer 6

valvular growths narrow openings
increased pressure
causes turbulence and murmur

Question 7

murmurs

Answer 7

abnormal sounds

Question 8

functional murmurs

Answer 8

benign
common in children
not pathologic, normal

Question 9

rheumatic fever

Answer 9

most common cause of valvular defect
autoimmune disease
initiated by streptococcal infection

Question 10

aschoff bodies

Answer 10

area of necrotic tissue

Question 11

pancarditis

Answer 11

all three layers

Question 12

myocarditis

Answer 12

only myocardium

Question 13

endocarditis

Answer 13

only endocardium

Question 14

pericardial effusion

Answer 14

causes audible friction rub

walls rub against each other

Question 15

poly-arthritis

Answer 15

usually first symptom in rheumatic fever

more than 5 joints at once

Question 16

carditis

Answer 16

inflammation of all three layers

can lead to scar formation

Question 17

chorea

Answer 17

aimless irregular involuntary movement

Question 18

subcutaneous aschoff bodies

Answer 18

lesions on skin due to fever

Question 19

treatment of rheumatic fever

Answer 19

penicillin- bacterial infection
salicylates
corticosteroids- autoimmune