Lecture 9 - The Family Flashcards
What is socialisation?
The process by which children acquire the beliefs, values and behaviours that are considered desirable or appropriate by their culture or subculture
What is society’s primary instrument of socialisation?
The family
What is the definition of a family?
A social unit in which adult spouses or partners and their children share economic, social and emotional rights and responsibilities and a sense of commitment and identification
According to Brofenbenner and Morris (2006), what can affect the functioning of the family?
Changes in the behaviour of other members
What are routines?
Day to day activities that keep the family functioning
What are rituals?
Rituals involve for,al religious observances and family celebrations that have symbolic value and explain “this is who we are as a family”
What is the couple system?
The founding subsystem within the family system that joins the two partners
According to social learning theory, how can observing parents fighting affect children?
Social learning theory suggests that children learn by observing, so if they observe their parents fighting then this teaches them aggressive interaction strategies
Based on attachment theory, how can exposure to conflict between parents affect the children?
Exposure to conflict between parents and children can result in a sense of emotional insecurity which can lead to later problems in social interaction
Identify 5 functions of parenting?
Nurturing, discipline, language, teaching and monitoring
What is the co-parenting system?
Although mothers and fathers often act separately when they deal with their children, their actions are related
What sort of behaviour are children exposed to hostile-competitive co-parenting likely to exhibit in early childhood?
High levels of aggressive behaviour
Who do older siblings look to as their main source of social learning in comparison to younger siblings?
Older siblings look to parents whereas younger siblings look to both older siblings and parents
What does caregiving mean?
Providing protection and comfort so as to deactivate the need for attachment behaviour and restore a sense of security
What are the characteristics of an authoritative parent?
Reasonable demands, consistently enforced with sensitivity to and acceptance of the child
What are the characteristics of permissive parenting?
Few rules and demands which allow children to have much more freedom
What are the characteristics of an authoritarian parent?
Many rules and demands with few explanations and little sensitivity to the child’s needs and perspectives
What are the characteristics of uninvolved parents?
Few rules and demands and are uninvolved and insensitive to their children’s needs
What sort of parenting style are parents in good marriages likely to have?
Authoritarian
What sort of parenting style is likely to be observed in parents who are better at adapting to change or stressful circumstances?
Authoritative
What style of parenting is likely to describe neurotic parents who are depressed, anxious and obsessive?
Uninvolved
What style of parenting is likely to be observed in poorly educated parents?
Authoritarian
What sort of parenting style best describes parents who spoil their children and appeal to their demands?
Permissive
What are some of the developmental consequences of authoritative parenting in childhood?
Socially responsible, achievement-oriented, cooperative and high cognitive competencies
