Lecture 9 Symposium 2 Addictions Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Define Tolerance

A

Reduced responsiveness to a drug caused by previous administration

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2
Q

Describe the dispositional mechanism of tolerance

A

Less drug reaches the active site

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3
Q

What can cause less drug to reach the active site

A

Decreased absorption
Increased excretion
Increased rate of metabolism to inactive metabolites
Decreased rate of metabolism to active metabolites

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4
Q

Describe the pharmacodynamic mechanism of tolerance

A

Site of action is less affected by the drug

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5
Q

What causes the site of action to be less affected by the drug

A

Dow regulation of drug receptor

Reduced signalling down stream of receptor

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6
Q

What is the acute effect of opioids

A

Constipation

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7
Q

What is the withdrawal effect of opioids

A

Diarrhoea

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8
Q

What is the acute affect of barbiturates

A

Anticonvulsant

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9
Q

What is the withdrawal effect of barbiturates

A

Convulsions

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10
Q

What is the acute effects of cocaine

A

Elevated mood

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11
Q

What is the withdrawal effect of cocaine

A

Depressed mood

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12
Q

When VTA neurones are stimulated what do they release

A

Dopamine

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13
Q

Where do the VTA neurones project

A

Nucleus accumbens

Prefrontal cortex

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14
Q

What type of drug is cocaine

A

Monoamine reuptake inhibitor

Incraeses dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline

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